Shinde Swapnil U, Khairnar Mahesh R, Jambhekar Samidha, Patil Pranav, Oza Kunal Keshaw, Raikar Anita, Tathe Rameshwar
Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University) Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra India.
Unit of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005 India.
J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2024 Aug;23(4):1041-1047. doi: 10.1007/s12663-024-02111-w. Epub 2024 Jan 23.
To analyze the distribution, etiology, and patterns of oral and maxillofacial trauma among the subjects reporting to a dental institute in the Western Maharashtra region of India.
This retrospective study was conducted by manually collecting data from the medical records of subjects who reported to the dental institute with a history of trauma from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2022. All the injured subjects with complete clinical and radiographical records of maxillofacial injuries were included. The demographic data, etiology & site of trauma, and associated injuries were analyzed. Data were tabulated into four age groups (< 20 years, 21-40 years, 41-60 years, and > 60 years). Five etiological factors, i.e. road traffic accidents (RTA), stumble & falls, violence, animal attack, and strike by an object, were further evaluated based on age and gender. Maxillofacial injuries were classified into seven types: maxillary fractures (subcategorized), mandibular fractures (subcategorized), zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, nasal, frontal, orbital, and naso-orbito-ethmoidal fractures. Data were tabulated and analyzed.
A total of 437 subjects were included, consisting of 84.2% males and 15.8% females, with the highest incidence of trauma between 21-40 years. Road traffic accident was the main reason for maxillofacial injuries (50.3%), followed by falls (26.5%), and violence (19.9%). ZMC fractures accounted for 55.4% (242 fractures), followed by mandibular fractures (42.3%).
RTA is the main factor responsible for maxillofacial injuries in this part of Maharashtra among subjects of both genders. Education and motivation regarding road safety measures are the two factors that need to be focused on to reduce the incidence of maxillofacial injuries.
分析印度马哈拉施特拉邦西部地区一家牙科机构收治的患者口腔颌面部创伤的分布、病因及类型。
本回顾性研究通过人工收集2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间因创伤史到该牙科机构就诊患者的病历数据进行。纳入所有有完整颌面部损伤临床及影像学记录的受伤患者。分析人口统计学数据、创伤病因及部位以及相关损伤情况。数据按四个年龄组（<20岁、21 - 40岁、41 - 60岁和>60岁）进行列表。基于年龄和性别进一步评估五个病因因素，即道路交通事故（RTA）、绊倒和跌倒、暴力、动物袭击以及物体撞击。颌面部损伤分为七种类型：上颌骨骨折（再分类）、下颌骨骨折（再分类）、颧上颌复合体（ZMC）骨折、鼻骨骨折、额骨骨折、眼眶骨折和鼻眶筛骨折。数据进行列表并分析。
共纳入437名患者，其中男性占84.2%，女性占15.8%，创伤发生率最高的年龄段为21 - 40岁。道路交通事故是颌面部损伤的主要原因（50.3%），其次是跌倒（26.5%）和暴力（19.9%）。ZMC骨折占55.4%（242例骨折），其次是下颌骨骨折（42.3%）。
在马哈拉施特拉邦的这一地区，道路交通事故是男女患者颌面部损伤的主要原因。道路安全措施的教育和宣传是降低颌面部损伤发生率需要关注的两个因素。
