Campbell Kyle A, Hickman Ruby, Fallin M Daniele, Bakulski Kelly M
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Curr Opin Toxicol. 2021 Jun;26:39-48. doi: 10.1016/j.cotox.2021.04.001. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with genetic and environmental contributors to etiology. Many metals have the potential to be neurotoxic and their exposures are widespread. The field of metals exposure and ASD research is emerging, and in this review article we assess the current state of the literature, with emphasis on the previous two years. Epidemiology studies are discussed with respect to exposure timing, exposure matrix, and outcome assessment. Toxicology studies are described for exposure dosing and timing, as well as behavioral and molecular outcomes. Further epidemiological and toxicological investigations can identify the timing and importance of metals as ASD risk factors and uncover biological mechanisms for risk mitigation and therapeutic strategies.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种异质性神经发育障碍，其病因涉及遗传和环境因素。许多金属具有神经毒性潜力，且其暴露广泛存在。金属暴露与ASD的研究领域正在兴起，在这篇综述文章中，我们评估了当前的文献状况，重点关注过去两年的研究。我们讨论了流行病学研究的暴露时间、暴露介质和结果评估。描述了毒理学研究的暴露剂量和时间，以及行为和分子结果。进一步的流行病学和毒理学调查可以确定金属作为ASD风险因素的时间和重要性，并揭示风险缓解和治疗策略的生物学机制。
