希腊犬咬伤的流行病学：一项监测计划的初步结果。

The epidemiology of dog bite injuries in Greece: preliminary results of a surveillance scheme.

作者信息

Dougas G, Katerelos P, Chatzianastasiou S, Mellou K

机构信息

National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.

出版信息

Hippokratia. 2023 Jul-Sep;27(3):82-88.

PMID:39119369

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11305156/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Dog bite injuries commonly fall under the radar of the public health surveillance systems. Nevertheless, these incidents may result in emotional distress, disfigurement, functional deficit, or exposure to zoonotic agents and therefore may have a considerable impact on public health.

METHODS

A pilot surveillance scheme was launched in Greece to assess the epidemiology of dog bite injuries. Physicians in hospital-based emergency room departments and primary health care centers were required to report bite cases via a reporting form. The collected data were analyzed cross-sectionally.

RESULTS

From January to June 2023, 1,656 dog bite victims attended the healthcare settings in Greece. The rate was estimated at 15.8 cases per 100,000 population. The frequency of healthcare visits varied significantly among the regions (p <0.0001), ranging from 0.9 to 45.2 per 100,000 inhabitants. The median number (interquartile range in brackets) of visits concerning dog bite victims for the examined period per reporting hospital was nine (2, 21) and per reporting health center three (1, 10), respectively. The ownerless-to-owned dogs ratio was almost equal (1.04). According to the Abbreviated Injury Scale, 67.3 % of the injuries were classified as minor, 27.7 % as moderate, 4.9 % as serious, and 0.1 % as critical. The lower limb was the most frequently affected anatomical site (50.6 %). Head/neck injuries were associated with younger patients (p <0.0001). Macroscopic tissue loss occurred in 11.9 % of the cases, with the majority presenting areas of damaged or missing skin (50.9 %); partially or completely amputated hand digits occurred in nine of these cases (8.5 %). Among dog bite victims, 2.8 % were hospitalized (inpatients), and 1 % were referred to other hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS

Dog bite surveillance offers important epidemiological information on the respective traumatic impact. HIPPOKRATIA 2023, 27 (2):82-88.

摘要

背景

犬咬伤事件通常未被纳入公共卫生监测系统的关注范围。然而，这些事件可能导致情绪困扰、毁容、功能缺陷或接触人畜共患病原体，因此可能对公众健康产生相当大的影响。

方法

希腊启动了一项试点监测计划，以评估犬咬伤事件的流行病学情况。要求医院急诊科和初级卫生保健中心的医生通过报告表上报咬伤病例。对收集的数据进行横断面分析。

结果

2023年1月至6月，希腊有1656名犬咬伤受害者前往医疗机构就诊。估计发病率为每10万人中有15.8例。各地区的医疗就诊频率差异显著（p<0.0001），每10万居民中从0.9例到45.2例不等。在所检查期间，每家报告医院涉及犬咬伤受害者的就诊中位数（括号内为四分位间距）为9次（2，21），每家报告卫生中心为3次（1，10）。无主犬与有主犬的比例几乎相等（1.04）。根据简明损伤分级标准，67.3%的损伤被归类为轻度，27.7%为中度，4.9%为重度，0.1%为极重度。下肢是最常受影响的解剖部位（50.6%）。头部/颈部损伤与较年轻的患者相关（p<0.0001）。11.9%的病例出现肉眼可见的组织缺损，其中大多数表现为皮肤受损或缺失区域（50.9%）；其中9例（8.5%）出现部分或完全截肢的手指。在犬咬伤受害者中，2.8%住院（住院患者），1%被转诊至其他医院。