An overview of the production and use of toxin.

The widespread utilization of traditional chemical pesticides has given rise to numerous negative impacts, leading to a surge in interest in exploring environmentally friendly alternatives. (Bt), a bacterium renowned for its insecticidal properties, produces proteins during its lifecycle. These proteins have distinct advantages over traditional chemical pesticides, including higher environmental safety, broader insecticidal spectra, and lower pesticide residues. Consequently, the discovery and application of Bt hold immense significance in plant disease and pest management, as well as in plant protection. Currently, Bt preparations occupy a prominent position as the world's largest and most widely used biopesticides. This article comprehensively reviews the fundamental aspects, insecticidal mechanisms, practical applications, and fermentation technologies related to Bt.