Genome-Wide Identification of Glutathione S-Transferase Family from and the Functional Characterization of in Cadmium Tolerance.

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are members of a protein superfamily with diverse physiological functions, including cellular detoxification and protection against oxidative damage. However, there is limited research on GSTs responding to cadmium (Cd) stress. This study classified 46 GST genes in () into nine groups using model construction and domain annotation. Evolutionary analysis revealed nine subfamilies with diverse physical and chemical properties. Prediction of subcellular localization revealed that half of the GST members were located in the cytoplasm. According to the expression analysis of GST family genes responding to Cd stress, responded significantly to Cd stress. Transient expression of DoGST5-GFP in tobacco leaves revealed that DoGST5 was localized in the cytoplasm. overexpression in Arabidopsis enhanced Cd tolerance by reducing Cd-induced HO and O levels. These findings demonstrate that plays a critical role in enhancing Cd tolerance by balancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, offering potential applications for improving plant adaptability to heavy metal stress.