REMIT, Portucalense University, Porto, Portugal.
I2P, Portucalense University, Porto, Portugal.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2024 Sep;249:104452. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104452. Epub 2024 Aug 10.
There are many studies in Psychology and other sciences about the concept of power. We believe that individual power is one of the most critical factors in human motivation, which is considered by prominent motivation theories, like Choice Theory or McClelland's Human Motivation Theory. This paper aims to study the concept of power, considering ego and social orientation. The extensive literature review allowed us to describe the concepts related to those orientations and to induce a theoretical model that may typify and explain the relationships between the two perspectives of power. The model might contribute to describing four motivational profiles, namely the imperator, with high ego-power and power over others orientation; the supporter, with low ego-power and power with other orientation; the leader, with high ego-power and power with others orientation; and the controller, with low ego-power and power over others orientation. The Ego-Social Power Motivation Model could help describe the power signature of an individual. This individual picture might help psychologists work on motivations, attitudes, and behaviours to enhance people's lives and well-being.
心理学和其他科学领域中有许多关于权力概念的研究。我们认为，个人权力是人类动机的最关键因素之一，这一观点被突出的动机理论，如选择理论或麦克利兰的人类动机理论所认可。本文旨在研究权力概念，同时考虑自我和社会取向。广泛的文献回顾使我们能够描述与这些取向相关的概念，并归纳出一个理论模型，该模型可以对权力的两种观点之间的关系进行典型化和解释。该模型可能有助于描述四种动机类型，即具有高自我权力和对他人权力取向的独裁者；具有低自我权力和与他人合作权力取向的支持者；具有高自我权力和与他人合作权力取向的领导者；以及具有低自我权力和对他人权力取向的控制者。自我-社会权力动机模型可以帮助描述个体的权力特征。这种个体画面可以帮助心理学家研究动机、态度和行为，以增强人们的生活和幸福感。
