Requena Miguel, Stanek Mikolaj
Grupo de Estudios "Población y Sociedad", Departamento de Sociología II, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain.
Departamento de Sociología y Comunicación, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Gac Sanit. 2024;38:102419. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102419. Epub 2024 Aug 10.
Analyzing the variations in induced abortion (IA) rates across different subpopulations in Spain based on country of origin, while considering educational and age composition.
Using 2021 Voluntary Termination of Pregnancy register and 2021 Spanish Census microdata, we calculated crude IA rates and age-specific abortion rates. We used age-standardized IA rates (ASIAR) to account for the confounding effect of age composition. We compared seven subpopulations residing in Spain, taking into account simple ages and educational levels aggregated into four categories.
Immigrant women, especially those from Sub-Saharan and Latin American countries, consistently had higher IA rates compared to native Spanish women. According to age-specific IA rates, university-educated women had considerably fewer abortions than women with other education levels at any age. Age-standardized rates stratified by migratory origin revealed that native Spanish women with primary education or less had higher IA rates than their immigrant counterparts. There was a clear non-linear, association between educational level and IA rates among immigrants. The highest propensity for IA was found among secondary school graduates, while university graduates had the lowest IA rate.
The study demonstrated that variability in sociodemographic characteristics had an impact on IA rates. Young women with middle educational attainment and immigrant background had a higher likelihood of undergoing IA in Spain. The relationship between educational level and IA rates was complex, with variations observed among different groups and changes over time.
基于原籍国分析西班牙不同亚人群体的人工流产（IA）率变化，同时考虑教育和年龄构成。
利用2021年自愿终止妊娠登记册和2021年西班牙人口普查微观数据，我们计算了粗IA率和特定年龄的流产率。我们使用年龄标准化IA率（ASIAR）来解释年龄构成的混杂效应。我们比较了居住在西班牙的七个亚人群体，同时考虑了简单年龄和汇总为四类的教育水平。
与西班牙本土女性相比，移民女性，尤其是来自撒哈拉以南和拉丁美洲国家的移民女性，IA率一直较高。根据特定年龄的IA率，受过大学教育的女性在任何年龄的流产次数都比其他教育水平的女性少得多。按移民来源分层的年龄标准化率显示，小学及以下教育水平的西班牙本土女性的IA率高于其移民对应人群。移民的教育水平与IA率之间存在明显的非线性关联。中学毕业生的IA倾向最高，而大学毕业生的IA率最低。
该研究表明，社会人口学特征的差异对IA率有影响。在西班牙，中等教育程度且有移民背景的年轻女性进行IA的可能性更高。教育水平与IA率之间的关系很复杂，不同群体之间存在差异，且随时间变化。
