Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Centre for Global Health Inequalities Research (CHAIN), Department of Sociology and Political Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Tondheim, Norway.
J Occup Health. 2024 Jan 4;66(1). doi: 10.1093/joccuh/uiae043.
A good psychosocial climate at work, including positive interpersonal relationships, is a protective factor for health, whereas social conflict imposes a considerable health risk. Occupational safety and health (OSH) services can help create a positive working environment. In the present study, we analyzed trends in the awareness of OSH services and interpersonal relationships and whether these are linked.
We used time series data from the Italian Survey on Health and Safety at Work (INSuLa) from 2014 and 2019 (n = 16 000 employees). Negative interpersonal relationships included workplace bullying and lack of workplace support. The availability of OSH services was measured through items inquiring about the awareness of OSH representatives and OSH training. We used Poisson regression in reporting prevalence ratios and provided predicted probabilities and average marginal effects to show trends and differences in interpersonal relationships and OSH availability.
Our findings suggest that negative interpersonal relationships at work increased, whereas awareness about OSH services declined between 2014 and 2019. These trends were particularly strong for young workers, for whom workplace bullying increased by 6.3% and awareness of OSH training declined by 11.7%. We also found that unawareness about OSH services is associated with negative interpersonal relationships at work.
The results suggest that low OSH awareness may be an increasing problem, whereas exposure to an adverse social climate at work became more frequent at the same time. Given the role of OSH services in ensuring a positive working climate, it is important to increase workers' awareness about OSH services.
工作中的良好社会心理环境，包括积极的人际关系，是健康的保护因素，而社会冲突则会带来相当大的健康风险。职业安全与健康（OSH）服务可以帮助营造积极的工作环境。在本研究中，我们分析了对 OSH 服务和人际关系的认识趋势，以及它们之间是否存在关联。
我们使用了来自 2014 年和 2019 年意大利工作场所健康与安全调查（INSuLa）的时间序列数据（n=16000 名员工）。负面人际关系包括工作场所欺凌和缺乏工作场所支持。OSH 服务的可用性通过询问 OSH 代表和 OSH 培训意识的项目进行衡量。我们使用泊松回归报告流行率比，并提供预测概率和平均边际效应，以显示人际关系和 OSH 可用性的趋势和差异。
我们的研究结果表明，工作中的负面人际关系在增加，而对 OSH 服务的认识在 2014 年至 2019 年间下降。这些趋势在年轻工人中尤为明显，他们遭受工作场所欺凌的比例增加了 6.3%，对 OSH 培训的认识下降了 11.7%。我们还发现，对 OSH 服务的不了解与工作中的负面人际关系有关。
结果表明，对 OSH 的低认识可能是一个日益严重的问题，而与此同时，工作中不良社会氛围的暴露变得更加频繁。鉴于 OSH 服务在确保积极工作氛围方面的作用，提高工人对 OSH 服务的认识非常重要。
