Ishikawa Akira, Takanuma Tomoka, Hashimoto Norikazu, Tsudzuki Masaoki
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Livestock Experiment Station, Wakayama Prefecture, Hidaka-Gun 644-1111, Japan.
J Poult Sci. 2024 Aug 10;61:2024022. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.2024022. eCollection 2024.
Stress in day-old chickens from commercial hatcheries is associated with problematic behavior in adult animals. Recently, we developed a new behavioral handling test for day-old chickens and demonstrated that it assessed temperament differences between seven breeds of native Japanese and Western chickens. In this study, we used 2-day-old male chicks from five of the above breeds to investigate the relationship between temperament and mRNA levels of three stress-related genes (nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (), cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1, and hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 1) involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Principal component analysis of 10 behavioral traits for the handling test revealed that the Fayoumi breed and Hiroshima line of the Chabo breed, both of which exhibited boisterous temperament, clustered separately from the other breeds. Only expression showed a significant positive correlation with two behavioral traits (general vocalization and approaching the wall), and a negative correlation with movement. These results suggest that the complex temperament of day-old chickens is regulated, in part, by stress-related genes along the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
来自商业孵化场的一日龄雏鸡的应激与成年动物的行为问题有关。最近，我们为一日龄雏鸡开发了一种新的行为处理测试，并证明它可以评估七种日本本土鸡和西方鸡品种之间的气质差异。在本研究中，我们使用了上述五个品种的2日龄雄性雏鸡，以研究气质与下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴中涉及的三个应激相关基因（核受体亚家族3组C成员1、细胞色素P450家族11亚家族A成员1和羟基-δ-5-类固醇脱氢酶、3β-和类固醇δ-异构酶1）的mRNA水平之间的关系。对处理测试的10个行为特征进行主成分分析发现，表现出活泼气质的法尤米品种和茶博品种的广岛品系与其他品种分开聚类。只有核受体亚家族3组C成员1的表达与两个行为特征（一般发声和靠近墙壁）呈显著正相关，与运动呈负相关。这些结果表明，一日龄雏鸡复杂的气质部分受下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴上应激相关基因的调节。
