Sheverini Azin, Khezrian Ali, Shojaeian Ali
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah , Iran.
Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Vet Anim Sci. 2024 Jul 14;25:100377. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100377. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Given that oxidative stress (OS) occurs as one of the complications of general anesthesia and surgical procedures, practicing the best and safest anesthesia regimen can have a significant share in various surgeries. So, this study compared the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ketoprofen (KTP) and meloxicam (MLX) on OS through the glutathione pathway after the ketamine-xylazine (K-X) anesthesia and ulcer induction in rats to suggest post-operative regimens with promising analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. 80 healthy adult male Wistar rats, were examined in this study. To obtain the baseline value cardiac blood collected of five rats, and the remaining 75 animals were randomized into three groups of 25, including (i) the control group receiving physiological serum, (ii) the experimental group 1 taking KTP, (iii) the experimental group 2, administered by MLX and all three groups received K-X combination IP after 30 min. Then, a full-thickness ulcer was induced under standard conditions, and the blood samples were collected from groups at T0, T30m, T60m, T24h, and T48h. The serum levels of the desired markers were measured. The study results revealed that the administration of K-X as an anesthetic agent made some changes in the markers of the OS-related glutathione (GSH) pathway. Moreover, KTP and MLX, significantly ( < 0.05) augmented the reduced GSH (rGSH), lowered the GSSG, increased the total values of the glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and the rGSH, reduced the rGSH/GSSG ratio, and accelerated the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, but they had high inhibitory effects on the glutathione reductase (GR). Accordingly, both drugs could maintain the balance between the OS markers, caused by general anesthesia. In general, KTP can be a suitable regimen in surgeries wherein analgesia is of importance for less than 24 h, but MLX can be a preferable option if longer analgesia is needed for more than 24 h.
鉴于氧化应激（OS）是全身麻醉和外科手术的并发症之一，实施最佳且最安全的麻醉方案在各类手术中起着重要作用。因此，本研究比较了非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）如酮洛芬（KTP）和美洛昔康（MLX）在氯胺酮-赛拉嗪（K-X）麻醉和诱导大鼠溃疡后通过谷胱甘肽途径对OS的影响，以提出具有良好镇痛和抗炎作用的术后方案。本研究对80只健康成年雄性Wistar大鼠进行了检查。采集5只大鼠的心腔血液以获得基线值，其余75只动物随机分为三组，每组25只，包括：（i）接受生理血清的对照组；（ii）服用KTP的实验组1；（iii）服用MLX的实验组2，所有三组在30分钟后腹腔注射K-X合剂。然后，在标准条件下诱导全层溃疡，并在T0、T30m、T60m、T24h和T48h从各组采集血样。测量所需标志物的血清水平。研究结果表明，作为麻醉剂使用K-X会使OS相关谷胱甘肽（GSH）途径的标志物发生一些变化。此外，KTP和MLX显著（<0.05）增加了还原型谷胱甘肽（rGSH），降低了氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG），增加了谷胱甘肽二硫化物（GSSG）和rGSH的总值，降低了rGSH/GSSG比值，并加速了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的活性，但它们对谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）有高度抑制作用。因此，两种药物都可以维持全身麻醉引起的OS标志物之间的平衡。总体而言，KTP可能是镇痛重要性小于24小时的手术中的合适方案，但如果需要超过24小时的更长时间镇痛，MLX可能是更优选的选择。
