Abdulwahab Ihdaa J, Alzahrani Noha A, Khouja Jumana H
Preventive Medicine Department, Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City Jeddah, Jeddah, SAU.
Preventive Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 11;16(7):e64305. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64305. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Childhood obesity prevalence has increased worldwide and substantially in the 22 countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO). Weight-related interventions are urgently required in these countries to tackle childhood obesity and its related consequences. There has been no review to date of obese children in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. This review discusses the different school-based lifestyle interventions conducted among obese children in the EMRO and assesses the applicability of future programs in Saudi Arabia. A thorough search of the literature was conducted on PubMed. A total of 170 studies were found, and eight of them were included in this review. The included studies were all randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental. This review article showed that school-based lifestyle interventions may reduce childhood obesity by integrating interactive learning about healthy diet and physical activity within a whole school approach, involving children and their parents, modifying the school environment, and facilitating a workshop on healthy food preparation. To motivate children to change their behavior, it is crucial to meet with parents in person and utilize technology and rewards. School-based lifestyle programs can lower childhood obesity by involving all relevant parties, such as families and schools, and using reliable instruments to track results to establish a healthy community. In order to confirm these findings, more research is required for a longer period of time, more than six months.
儿童肥胖症的患病率在全球范围内有所上升，在东地中海区域（EMRO）的22个国家中更是大幅增加。这些国家迫切需要采取与体重相关的干预措施来应对儿童肥胖症及其相关后果。迄今为止，尚未对东地中海区域的肥胖儿童进行过综述。本综述讨论了在东地中海区域肥胖儿童中开展的不同的基于学校的生活方式干预措施，并评估了未来项目在沙特阿拉伯的适用性。我们在PubMed上对文献进行了全面检索。共找到170项研究，其中8项被纳入本综述。纳入的研究均为随机对照试验或准实验。这篇综述文章表明，基于学校的生活方式干预措施可以通过在全校范围内整合关于健康饮食和体育活动的互动学习、让儿童及其家长参与、改善学校环境以及举办健康食品烹饪工作坊来减少儿童肥胖症。为了激励儿童改变行为，亲自与家长沟通并利用技术和奖励至关重要。基于学校的生活方式项目可以通过让家庭和学校等所有相关方参与，并使用可靠的工具来跟踪结果，从而建立一个健康的社区，进而降低儿童肥胖症。为了证实这些发现，需要进行更长时间（超过六个月）的更多研究。
