Attaran Robert R, Carr Jeffrey G
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
CardiaStream at Tyler Cardiac and Endovascular Center, Tyler, Texas.
J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv. 2022 Nov 26;2(1):100538. doi: 10.1016/j.jscai.2022.100538. eCollection 2023 Jan-Feb.
Chronic venous disease is a common disease, the prevalence of which increases with age, and can cause debilitating symptoms that adversely affect the quality of life. The risk factors include family history, female sex, obesity, pregnancy, parity, and history of deep vein thrombosis. Moreover, it is associated with venous obstruction, reflux, or both, which, in turn, leads to ambulatory venous hypertension. Chronic venous disease is the leading cause of leg ulcers, which place a significant cost burden on the health care system. Compression therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, particularly for more advanced disease. Superficial saphenous vein reflux can be associated with significant symptoms. Catheter techniques, both thermal and nonthermal, have demonstrated efficacy and safety in successful closure and symptom improvement. Deep vein obstruction can be broadly divided into thrombotic and nonthrombotic and can lead to symptomatic chronic venous disease. Recanalization using balloons and stents has been increasingly used and studied in such patients. It is critical to develop training opportunities and guidelines to improve evidence-based and appropriate care for cardiologists treating chronic venous disease.
慢性静脉疾病是一种常见疾病，其患病率随年龄增长而增加，并可导致使人衰弱的症状，对生活质量产生不利影响。危险因素包括家族史、女性、肥胖、妊娠、生育次数以及深静脉血栓形成病史。此外，它与静脉阻塞、反流或两者均有关，进而导致动态静脉高压。慢性静脉疾病是腿部溃疡的主要原因，给医疗保健系统带来了巨大的成本负担。压迫疗法仍然是治疗的基石，特别是对于更晚期的疾病。大隐静脉反流可能与明显的症状有关。热消融和非热消融导管技术在成功闭合和改善症状方面已证明了有效性和安全性。深静脉阻塞可大致分为血栓性和非血栓性，可导致有症状的慢性静脉疾病。在这类患者中，使用球囊和支架进行再通的应用和研究越来越多。为治疗慢性静脉疾病的心脏病专家制定培训机会和指南，以改善基于证据的适当护理至关重要。
