Can Commun Dis Rep. 2024 Jun 28;50(6):179-196. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v50i06a02.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continue to contribute to excess morbidity and mortality among Canadians.
This report describes epidemiologic and laboratory characteristics and trends of HAIs and AMR from 2018 to 2022 (, 2012-2022) using surveillance and laboratory data submitted by hospitals to the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP) and by provincial and territorial laboratories to the National Microbiology Laboratory.
Data collected from 88 Canadian sentinel acute care hospitals between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022, for infections (CDIs), carbapenemase-producing (CPE) infections, methicillin-resistant (MRSA) bloodstream infections (BSIs) and vancomycin-resistant (VRE) BSIs. () surveillance was initiated in 2019 by CNISP and in 2017 (retrospectively to 2012) by the National Microbiology Laboratory. Trend analysis for case counts, rates, outcomes, molecular characterization and AMR profiles are presented.
From 2018 to 2022, decreased rates per 10,000 patient days were observed for CDIs (7% decrease; 5.42-5.02) and MRSA BSIs (2.9% decrease; 1.04-1.01). Infection rates for VRE BSIs increased by 5.9% (0.34-0.36). Infection rates for CPE remained low but increased by 133% (0.06-0.14). Forty-three isolates were identified in Canada from 2012 to 2022, with the majority in Western and Central Canada (98%).
From 2018 to 2022, the incidence of MRSA BSIs and CDIs decreased and VRE BSI and CPE infections increased in the Canadian acute care hospitals participating in a national sentinel network (CNISP). Few isolates were identified from 2012 to 2022. Reporting standardized surveillance data to inform the application of infection prevention and control practices in acute care hospitals is critical to help decrease the burden of HAIs and AMR in Canada.
医疗保健相关感染（HAIs）和抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）继续导致加拿大人出现额外的发病和死亡情况。
本报告利用医院提交给加拿大医院感染监测项目（CNISP）以及省级和地区实验室提交给国家微生物实验室的监测和实验室数据，描述了2018年至2022年（，2012 - 2022年）HAIs和AMR的流行病学和实验室特征及趋势。
收集了2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间加拿大88家定点急症护理医院的艰难梭菌感染（CDIs）、产碳青霉烯酶肠杆菌科细菌（CPE）感染、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）血流感染（BSIs）和耐万古霉素肠球菌（VRE）BSIs的数据。（）监测工作由CNISP于2019年启动，国家微生物实验室于2017年（追溯至2012年）启动。呈现了病例数、发病率、结局、分子特征和AMR谱的趋势分析。
2018年至2022年期间，每10000患者日的CDIs发病率下降（下降7%；从5.42降至5.02），MRSA BSIs发病率下降（下降2.9%；从1.04降至1.01）。VRE BSIs的感染率上升了5.9%（从0.34升至0.36）。CPE的感染率保持较低水平，但上升了133%（从0.06升至0.14）。2012年至2022年期间在加拿大共鉴定出43株[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株，其中大多数在加拿大西部和中部（98%）。
在参与全国定点网络（CNISP）的加拿大急症护理医院中，2018年至2022年期间，MRSA BSIs和CDIs的发病率下降，VRE BSI和CPE感染率上升。2012年至2022年期间鉴定出的[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株数量较少。报告标准化监测数据以指导急症护理医院感染预防和控制措施的应用对于帮助减轻加拿大HAIs和AMR的负担至关重要。
