Division of Community Medicine and Public Health, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Centre for Translational Research Institute for Research Development and Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2024 Sep;14(3):1257-1267. doi: 10.1007/s44197-024-00283-9. Epub 2024 Aug 12.
Monitoring changes in cessation behaviors and cessation assistance is critical for policymaking.
We analyzed two rounds (2009-2014 and 2015-2021) of Global Adult Tobacco Surveys in 13 countries. We estimated the quit ratio, quit attempt, and utilization of cessation assistance. The availability of cessation services was obtained from World Health Organization reports. We calculated absolute and relative changes in quit ratio, quit attempt, and cessation assistance. We assessed socio-economic determinants of cessation behaviors by binary logistic regression analyses on pooled data.
In all countries during both rounds smoking prevalence was 7.6-33.8%, the quit ratio was 0.15-0.54%, and the quit attempt was 17.7-52.8%. Quit ratio improved in Indonesia by 100% but declined in Turkey by 56%. Quit attempts increased in Indonesia (31.9%), Mexico (16.9%) and China (15.9%) but decreased in Turkey (140.4%), Vietnam (43.1%), and Romania (62.4%). In both rounds, using at least one method was 12.5-99.8% while the WHO-recommended method was 4.1-88.4%. In both rounds "try to quit without any assistance" and "other methods" were the most frequently reported cessation assistance. Nicotine replacement therapy (0.2-25.3%) was frequently used as recommended cessation assistance. Nicotine replacement therapy was available in most countries but not quitline and support services.
Limited progress was made in smoking cessation behaviors and cessation assistance in most countries. Health education to improve demand for smoking cessation and availability of evidence-based, low-cost smoking cessation assistance including quit-smoking may improve quit ratios in the population.
监测戒烟行为和戒烟辅助措施的变化对决策制定至关重要。
我们分析了 13 个国家在两轮（2009-2014 年和 2015-2021 年）全球成人烟草调查中的数据。我们估计了戒烟率、戒烟尝试和戒烟辅助措施的使用情况。戒烟服务的可及性来自世界卫生组织的报告。我们计算了戒烟率、戒烟尝试和戒烟辅助措施的绝对和相对变化。我们通过对汇总数据进行二元逻辑回归分析，评估了戒烟行为的社会经济决定因素。
在两轮调查中，所有国家的吸烟率为 7.6-33.8%，戒烟率为 0.15-0.54%，戒烟尝试率为 17.7-52.8%。印度尼西亚的戒烟率提高了 100%，而土耳其则下降了 56%。戒烟尝试率在印度尼西亚（31.9%）、墨西哥（16.9%）和中国（15.9%）有所增加，但在土耳其（140.4%）、越南（43.1%）和罗马尼亚（62.4%）有所下降。在两轮调查中，至少使用一种方法的比例为 12.5-99.8%，而世界卫生组织推荐的方法比例为 4.1-88.4%。在两轮调查中，“试图不借助任何帮助戒烟”和“其他方法”是最常报告的戒烟辅助措施。尼古丁替代疗法（0.2-25.3%）作为推荐的戒烟辅助措施被广泛使用。尼古丁替代疗法在大多数国家都有提供，但戒烟热线和支持服务并不普及。
大多数国家在戒烟行为和戒烟辅助措施方面进展有限。通过健康教育提高对戒烟的需求，提供基于证据、低成本的戒烟辅助措施，包括戒烟服务，可能会提高人群的戒烟率。
