Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, USA.
International Research Institute for Climate and Society, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Parasit Vectors. 2024 Aug 12;17(1):339. doi: 10.1186/s13071-024-06387-2.
Lyme disease continues to expand in Canada and the USA and no single intervention is likely to curb the epidemic.
We propose a platform to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of a subset of Ixodes scapularis tick management approaches. The platform allows us to assess the impact of different control treatments, conducted either individually (single interventions) or in combination (combined efforts), with varying timings and durations. Interventions include three low environmental toxicity measures in differing combinations, namely reductions in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations, broadcast area-application of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, and fipronil-based rodent-targeted bait boxes. To assess the impact of these control efforts, we calibrated a process-based mathematical model to data collected from residential properties in the town of Redding, southwestern Connecticut, where an integrated tick management program to reduce I.xodes scapularis nymphs was conducted from 2013 through 2016. We estimated parameters mechanistically for each of the three treatments, simulated multiple combinations and timings of interventions, and computed the resulting percent reduction of the nymphal peak and of the area under the phenology curve.
Simulation outputs suggest that the three-treatment combination and the bait boxes-deer reduction combination had the overall highest impacts on suppressing I. scapularis nymphs. All (single or combined) interventions were more efficacious when implemented for a higher number of years. When implemented for at least 4 years, most interventions (except the single application of the entomopathogenic fungus) were predicted to strongly reduce the nymphal peak compared with the no intervention scenario. Finally, we determined the optimal period to apply the entomopathogenic fungus in residential yards, depending on the number of applications.
Computer simulation is a powerful tool to identify the optimal deployment of individual and combined tick management approaches, which can synergistically contribute to short-to-long-term, costeffective, and sustainable control of tick-borne diseases in integrated tick management (ITM) interventions.
莱姆病在加拿大和美国继续蔓延，单一干预措施不太可能遏制这一疫情。
我们提出了一个平台，用于定量评估Ixodes scapularis 蜱管理方法的一个子集的有效性。该平台使我们能够评估不同控制处理措施的影响，这些处理措施可以单独进行（单一干预）或组合进行（联合努力），具有不同的时间和持续时间。干预措施包括三种不同组合的低环境毒性措施，即减少白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus）种群数量、大面积喷洒昆虫病原真菌绿僵菌和基于氟虫腈的啮齿动物目标诱饵盒。为了评估这些控制措施的影响，我们根据康涅狄格州西南部雷丁镇的住宅物业收集的数据，对基于过程的数学模型进行了校准，在那里，从 2013 年到 2016 年，实施了一项综合蜱管理计划以减少 Ixodes scapularis 若虫。我们为三种处理方法中的每一种方法进行了机制上的参数估计，模拟了多种干预措施的组合和时间，并计算了由此产生的若虫高峰期和物候曲线下面积的减少百分比。
模拟结果表明，三种处理方法的组合以及诱饵盒-鹿减少的组合对抑制 I. scapularis 若虫的总体影响最大。所有（单一或组合）干预措施实施的年限越多，效果越好。当实施至少 4 年时，与不干预情景相比，大多数干预措施（除了单独使用昆虫病原真菌外）预计会强烈降低若虫高峰期。最后，我们根据应用次数确定了在住宅院子中应用昆虫病原真菌的最佳时期。
计算机模拟是识别个体和联合蜱管理方法最佳部署的有力工具，这可以协同促进综合蜱管理（ITM）干预措施中 ticks 传播疾病的短期到长期、具有成本效益和可持续控制。
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