Sullivan Cheryl Frank, Parker Bruce L, Skinner Margaret
Entomology Research Laboratory, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
Insects. 2022 Mar 5;13(3):260. doi: 10.3390/insects13030260.
There is a need for the development of sustainable, nonchemical tick management strategies. Mycoacaricide and mycoinsecticide product development worldwide has focused primarily on fungi in the genera (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae). Microbial biopesticides containing entomopathogenic fungi have potential in tick management. However, despite considerable progress in the development of fungal biopesticides over the past 20 years, the establishment of commercial products available for use against ticks continues to be slow. We reviewed published scientific literature and compiled a comprehensive list of reports of the effectiveness of commercial biopesticides based on the fungal genera and and registered for use in the USA against ixodid ticks under laboratory and field conditions. We also report on results when these biopesticides were used as a part of integrated tick management. Until efficacious fungus-based products become more available, tick management will rely primarily on synthetic chemical acaricides, with natural-product acaricides as the alternative.
需要开发可持续的非化学蜱虫管理策略。全球范围内杀螨真菌剂和杀昆虫真菌剂产品的开发主要集中在类（肉座菌目：虫草科）和类（肉座菌目：麦角菌科）的真菌上。含有昆虫病原真菌的微生物生物农药在蜱虫管理方面具有潜力。然而，尽管在过去20年中真菌生物农药的开发取得了相当大的进展，但可供用于防治蜱虫的商业产品的建立仍然缓慢。我们查阅了已发表的科学文献，并编制了一份基于类和类真菌且已在美国注册用于实验室和田间条件下防治硬蜱的商业生物农药有效性报告的综合清单。我们还报告了这些生物农药作为蜱虫综合管理一部分使用时的结果。在更有效的基于真菌的产品变得更易获得之前，蜱虫管理将主要依赖合成化学杀螨剂，天然产物杀螨剂作为替代。
