Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
Planta. 2024 Aug 13;260(3):72. doi: 10.1007/s00425-024-04499-8.
Our data link the miR165/166- and miR160-mediated regulatory modules to ROS and seed formation. Trade-offs of seed size, weight, and number probably require control of the expression of miR165/166 by miR160, modulation of ROS metabolism by miR165/166, and miR160 abundance by ROS-induced oxidative modifications The cycle of plant life and its yield productivity depends fundamentally on the establishment of the trade-offs of seed size, weight, and number. For annual plants, seed number should simply be a positive function of vegetative biomass and a negative function of seed size and/or weight. However, extensive natural variation within species is observed for these traits, for which an optimal solution is environmentally dependent. Understanding the miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression determining seed phenotype and number is crucial from both an evolutionary and applied perspective. Although extensive research has concentrated on the individual roles of miRNAs in plant life, fewer studies have centred on their functional interactions, hence this study aimed to examine whether the module of miR165/miR166 and/or miR160 interactions is involved in forming Arabidopsis thaliana seeds, and/or has an impact on their features. Considering that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are among key players in seed-related processes, it was also intriguing to verify if the mechanism of action of these miRNAs is associated with the ROS pathway. The plant material used in this study consisted of flower buds, green siliques, and freshly harvested seeds, of wild type (WT), and STTM165/166 and STTM160 × 165/166 mutants of A. thaliana plants which are powerful tools for functional analysis of miRNAs in plants. The novel results obtained during physiological phenotyping together with two-tailed qRT-PCR analysis of mature miR165, miR166, miR160, and spectrofluorimetric measurement of apoplastic hydrogen peroxide (HO) for the first time revealed that interaction between miR165/miR166 and miR160 may regulate seed size, weight and number in ROS-dependent manner.
我们的数据将 miR165/166 和 miR160 介导的调节模块与 ROS 和种子形成联系起来。种子大小、重量和数量的权衡可能需要 miR165/166 的 miR160 表达控制、miR165/166 对 ROS 代谢的调节以及 ROS 诱导的氧化修饰对 miR160 丰度的调节。植物生命的循环及其产量生产力从根本上取决于种子大小、重量和数量的权衡的建立。对于一年生植物，种子数量应该简单地是营养生物量的正函数，是种子大小和/或重量的负函数。然而，在这些性状中观察到种内广泛的自然变异，对于这些性状，最优解是环境依赖的。从进化和应用的角度来看，理解决定种子表型和数量的 miRNA 介导的基因表达的转录后调控是至关重要的。尽管大量的研究集中在 miRNA 在植物生命中的单个作用上，但很少有研究集中在它们的功能相互作用上，因此本研究旨在检查 miR165/miR166 和/或 miR160 相互作用的模块是否参与形成拟南芥种子，以及/或者对它们的特征有影响。考虑到活性氧 (ROS) 是与种子相关过程中的关键参与者之一，验证这些 miRNA 的作用机制是否与 ROS 途径有关也很有趣。本研究中使用的植物材料包括野生型 (WT) 的花蕾、绿色蒴果和新收获的种子，以及拟南芥植物的 STTM165/166 和 STTM160×165/166 突变体，它们是植物中 miRNA 功能分析的有力工具。生理表型的新结果，以及成熟 miR165、miR166、miR160 的双尾 qRT-PCR 分析和质外体过氧化氢 (HO) 的荧光光度测量，首次揭示 miR165/miR166 和 miR160 之间的相互作用可能以 ROS 依赖的方式调节种子大小、重量和数量。
