Alnajashi Hind, Wali Abdullah, Aqeeli Ali, Magboul Almothanna, Alfulayt Mohammed, Baasher Abdullah, Alzahrani Samer
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ann Afr Med. 2024 Oct 1;23(4):600-605. doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_49_24. Epub 2024 Aug 13.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune mediated demyelinating illness of the central nervous system. This study looks at various comorbidities associated with MS, focusing on their impact on disease progression. Understanding comorbidities in MS is important as it can impact treatment selection and overall disease management and prognosis.
Our aim is to show the prevalence of comorbidities along with MS. This research focuses on the comorbidities associated with MS and their impact on disease progression in the Arab Gulf region, with a special emphasis on Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
A retrospective record review was conducted from July 2022 to July 2023. The study included 286 patients, selected based on a definitive MS diagnosis in accordance with McDonald's 2017 criteria. Data collected included demographic information, MS type, duration of diagnosis, type of disease modifying therapy (DMT) used, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, and type of comorbidities.
The majority of the patients were female (70%) with an average age of 36 years. Most patients had relapsing remitting MS, and the majority were on DMTs, with fingolimod being the most common. Nearly half of the patients had comorbidities, with mood disorders, diabetes mellitus (DM), migraine, and hypertension (HTN) being prevalent. A significant positive association was found between the EDSS scores and both DM and HTN, but there was no significant link with migraine.
The findings indicate that individuals with MS have an increased risk of developing comorbidities such as migraine, DM, and HTN. Emphasizing a healthy lifestyle could potentially reduce the incidence of DM and HTN and their related vascular complications. The research also notes the prevalence of mood disorders among the MS population, although it remains inconclusive whether these are separate comorbid conditions or inherent symptoms of MS.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种慢性、免疫介导的中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病。本研究着眼于与MS相关的各种合并症，重点关注它们对疾病进展的影响。了解MS中的合并症很重要，因为它会影响治疗选择以及整体疾病管理和预后。
我们的目的是展示MS合并症的患病率。本研究聚焦于阿拉伯海湾地区与MS相关的合并症及其对疾病进展的影响，特别强调沙特阿拉伯吉达。
2022年7月至2023年7月进行了一项回顾性记录审查。该研究纳入了286名患者，这些患者是根据符合2017年麦克唐纳标准的明确MS诊断挑选出来的。收集的数据包括人口统计学信息、MS类型、诊断时长、使用的疾病修正治疗（DMT）类型、扩展残疾状态量表（EDSS）评分以及合并症类型。
大多数患者为女性（70%），平均年龄为36岁。大多数患者患有复发缓解型MS，且大多数患者正在接受DMT治疗，其中芬戈莫德最为常见。近一半的患者患有合并症，情绪障碍、糖尿病（DM）、偏头痛和高血压（HTN）较为普遍。EDSS评分与DM和HTN之间均存在显著正相关，但与偏头痛无显著关联。
研究结果表明，MS患者发生偏头痛、DM和HTN等合并症的风险增加。强调健康的生活方式可能会降低DM和HTN及其相关血管并发症的发生率。该研究还指出了MS人群中情绪障碍的患病率，不过这些情绪障碍是单独的合并症还是MS的固有症状仍尚无定论。
