Kajornchaikul Pimpreeya, Thantiworasit Pattarawat, Klaewsongkram Jettanong
King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2024 Nov;57(6):595-599. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.24.319. Epub 2024 Aug 8.
This report presents a case of pseudoephedrine-induced non-pigmented bullous fixed drug eruption (NBFDE) manifesting as recurrent palmoplantar exfoliation in a scuba diver. It emphasizes the importance of considering drug allergies in the differential diagnosis when divers present with peeling hands and soles. A 38-year-old female scuba diver experiencing recurrent palmoplantar exfoliation underwent a clinical evaluation, patch testing, an interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay, and graded drug challenges with pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine. Patch testing yielded negative results; however, the ELISpot assay indicated a strong immune response to pseudoephedrine. A graded challenge involving pseudoephedrine successfully reproduced the symptoms, confirming a diagnosis of pseudoephedrine-induced NBFDE. Subsequently, a challenge with phenylephrine elicited a milder reaction, suggesting it as a potential alternative medication for the patient. This case highlights NBFDE as a potential cause of skin peeling in scuba divers who are allergic to pseudoephedrine. It emphasizes the importance of considering drug allergies when diagnosing palmoplantar exfoliation in divers and underscores the need for a thorough evaluation of medication use in this group. Alternative medications and management strategies should be considered for divers with a pseudoephedrine allergy to prevent ear barotrauma while minimizing the risk of adverse skin reactions.
本报告介绍了一例伪麻黄碱诱发的无色素性大疱性固定性药疹(NBFDE)病例,该病例表现为一名潜水员反复出现掌跖部皮肤剥脱。它强调了在潜水员出现手部和足底脱皮时,在鉴别诊断中考虑药物过敏的重要性。一名38岁的女性潜水员反复出现掌跖部皮肤剥脱,接受了临床评估、斑贴试验、干扰素-γ酶联免疫斑点(ELISpot)检测以及伪麻黄碱和去氧肾上腺素的分级药物激发试验。斑贴试验结果为阴性;然而,ELISpot检测表明对伪麻黄碱有强烈的免疫反应。涉及伪麻黄碱的分级激发试验成功再现了症状,确诊为伪麻黄碱诱发的NBFDE。随后,去氧肾上腺素激发试验引发的反应较轻,提示其可作为该患者的潜在替代药物。该病例突出了NBFDE作为对伪麻黄碱过敏的潜水员皮肤剥脱的潜在原因。它强调了在诊断潜水员掌跖部皮肤剥脱时考虑药物过敏的重要性,并强调了对该群体用药情况进行全面评估的必要性。对于对伪麻黄碱过敏的潜水员,应考虑替代药物和管理策略,以预防耳气压伤,同时将皮肤不良反应的风险降至最低。