Zaneva-Hristova Denitsa, Borisova-Papancheva Tsvetelina, Yankov Yanko G, Papanchev Georgi
Department of Conservative Dental Treatment and Oral Pathology, Medical University "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Varna, BGR.
Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital St. Marina, Varna, BGR.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 14;16(7):e64524. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64524. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Fractures of the anterior teeth are a common form of dental trauma. This article includes three case reports of uncomplicated fractures of upper anterior teeth in which collaborators had different treatment protocols. The choice of the treatment method is based on the direction of the specific clinical case and the clinical findings. Of great importance to the treatment approach are the measures taken by the patient to preserve the fractured fragment, the age of the fracture, and the time available to patients and clinicians. When the fractured fragment is available and is well-preserved, the best approach is to fix it to the crown of the tooth. This protocol is extremely fast and inexpensive, with minimal potential for problems in esthetics and function. In the absence of the fractured fragment, the treatment approaches are different, as described in cases 2 and 3. If the patient or the clinician is unable to make a repeat visit, the restoration is carried out using a freehand technique. Protocols involving fracture repair using composite materials are more labor-intensive. Esthetic complications are often observed, which may be due to wrong determined shade, loss of luster, and change over the years in the color of the restoration, as well as fracture of the restoration. With advances in dentistry, these disadvantages have been minimized.
前牙骨折是牙外伤的常见形式。本文包含三例上前牙单纯性骨折的病例报告，其中合作者采用了不同的治疗方案。治疗方法的选择基于具体临床病例的方向和临床检查结果。对于治疗方法而言，患者保存骨折碎片所采取的措施、骨折时间以及患者和临床医生可利用的时间都非常重要。当骨折碎片存在且保存良好时，最佳方法是将其固定到牙冠上。该方案极其快速且成本低廉，美学和功能方面出现问题的可能性极小。若不存在骨折碎片，治疗方法则有所不同，如病例2和病例3所述。如果患者或临床医生无法复诊，则采用徒手技术进行修复。使用复合材料进行骨折修复的方案劳动强度更大。经常会观察到美学并发症，这可能是由于颜色判断错误、光泽丧失、修复体颜色多年来发生变化以及修复体骨折所致。随着牙科技术的进步，这些缺点已被降至最低。
