Liu Jing, Yang Ping, Hu Meng
Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, 471000, People's Republic of China.
J Blood Med. 2024 Aug 9;15:359-362. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S472194. eCollection 2024.
In this report, the patient was a 57-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with aplastic anemia for 3 years. This patient underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Twenty-four months after allo-HSCT, the patient experienced cognitive dysfunction, memory loss, and involuntary movements. Various central nervous system (CNS) complications may occur after allo-HSCT, which can lead to severe clinical problems. Diagnosis is often difficult because of the absence of distinctive clinical symptoms. In addition, different neurological disorders may show similar symptoms. Although antibodies in the CSF or serum have become well recognized in several CNS disorders, cases of autoimmune CNS disorders after allo-HSCT have rarely been reported. Here, we report the case of a patient who developed encephalitis associated with antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) after allo-HSCT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the involvement of antibodies against GFAP in post-transplantation encephalitis. Of course, all processes met the ethical and patient consents were obtained.
在本报告中，患者为一名57岁女性，已确诊再生障碍性贫血3年。该患者接受了异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）。allo-HSCT后24个月，患者出现认知功能障碍、记忆力减退和不自主运动。allo-HSCT后可能会发生各种中枢神经系统（CNS）并发症，这可能导致严重的临床问题。由于缺乏独特的临床症状，诊断往往很困难。此外，不同的神经系统疾病可能表现出相似的症状。虽然脑脊液或血清中的抗体在几种CNS疾病中已得到充分认识，但allo-HSCT后自身免疫性CNS疾病的病例很少被报道。在此，我们报告一例患者在allo-HSCT后发生与抗胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）抗体相关的脑炎。据我们所知，这是抗GFAP抗体参与移植后脑炎的首例报告。当然，所有过程均符合伦理要求并获得了患者同意。
