Seetharaman Sujatha, Allen Isabel Elaine, Gadgil Meghana, Srinivasan Shylaja, Topor Lisa Swartz, Kanaya Alka M
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of San Francisco, 550 16th St. 4th Floor, Box 0110, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, 550 16th Street, #2431, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Obes Pillars. 2024 Jul 8;11:100118. doi: 10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100118. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Weight and waist gain are significant concerns in adulthood. Both weight and waist gain are particularly important among South Asians, known to have an increased risk of developing chronic cardiometabolic complications at any body mass index compared to other racial and ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to investigate factors predicting weight and waist gain in a longitudinal cohort of South Asians living in the US (United States).
This was a prospective analysis using data from exam 1 (2010-2013) and exam 2 (2015-2018) of the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study, a prospective cohort study of South Asians (recruited from San Francisco and Chicago), with a mean 4.8 years of follow-up.
Of 634 participants studied (42.7 % women, mean age 55 years, BMI 25.7 kg/m2, weight 70.4 kg at exam 1), 34.7 % had gained ≥5 % weight and 32.3 % gained ≥5 % waist at exam 2. In the adjusted models, older age, higher number of years of US residence, and having diabetes were associated with lower odds of weight gain; being female and having higher adiponectin were associated with higher odds of weight gain. Being female and being employed full/part time or being retired predicted lower likelihood of waist gain. Being single, separated/divorced, having a higher leptin and a higher C-reactive protein level predicted higher likelihood of waist gain.
The current study identified several social, demographic, and clinical factors that can serve as targets for obesity interventions among US South Asians. In addition, this study also raises hypotheses about associations of adipokine levels with weight and waist gain.
体重增加和腰围增加是成年期的重要问题。体重和腰围增加在南亚人群中尤为重要，与其他种族和族裔群体相比，南亚人在任何体重指数下发生慢性心脏代谢并发症的风险都更高。本研究的目的是调查在美国生活的南亚人纵向队列中预测体重和腰围增加的因素。
这是一项前瞻性分析，使用了美国南亚人动脉粥样硬化中介因素（MASALA）研究中第1次检查（2010 - 2013年）和第2次检查（2015 - 2018年）的数据，该研究是对南亚人（从旧金山和芝加哥招募）进行的前瞻性队列研究，平均随访4.8年。
在研究的634名参与者中（42.7%为女性，平均年龄55岁，第1次检查时BMI为25.7kg/m²，体重70.4kg），34.7%在第2次检查时体重增加≥5%，32.3%腰围增加≥5%。在调整模型中，年龄较大、在美国居住年限较长和患有糖尿病与体重增加的较低几率相关；女性和脂联素水平较高与体重增加的较高几率相关。女性以及全职/兼职工作或退休与腰围增加的较低可能性相关。单身、分居/离婚、瘦素水平较高和C反应蛋白水平较高与腰围增加的较高可能性相关。
本研究确定了几个社会、人口和临床因素，可作为美国南亚人肥胖干预的目标。此外，本研究还提出了关于脂肪因子水平与体重和腰围增加之间关联的假设。
