Andueza Naroa, Muñoz-Prieto David, Romo-Hualde Ana, Cuervo Marta, Navas-Carretero Santiago
Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition University of Navarra Pamplona Spain.
Center for Nutrition Research University of Navarra Pamplona Spain.
Food Sci Nutr. 2024 May 15;12(8):5663-5676. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4226. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Diet plays an essential role in health and disease. Therefore, its determination is an important component of many investigations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a nutritional intervention on the urinary metabolome in children aged 6-12 years. Also, it was intended to identify biomarkers of diet quality and dietary intake. A 2-month, randomized, controlled, parallel trial was conducted in Spanish children. The analyses focused on the ALINFA group, which followed a full-fixed meal plan including healthy products, ready-to-eat meals, and healthy recipes. Diet quality was assessed by the KIDMED index and dietary intake by a food frequency questionnaire. Untargeted metabolomic analysis on urine samples was carried out, and multivariate analyses were performed for pattern recognition and characteristic metabolite identification. PLS-DA and Volcano plot analyses were performed to identify the discriminating metabolites of this group. 12 putative metabolites were found to be the most relevant to this intervention. Most of them were products derived from protein and amino acid metabolism (N-Ribosylhistidine, indolacrylic acid, and peptides) and lipid metabolism (3-oxo-2-pentylcyclopentane-1-hexanoic acid methyl, Suberoyl-L-carnitine, and 7-Dehydrodichapetalin E). All these metabolites decreased after the intervention, which was mainly associated with a decrease in the consumption of fatty meat and total fat, especially saturated fat. In turn, N-Ribosylhistidine and Suberoyl-L-carnitine were negatively associated with diet quality, as well as able to predict the change in KIDMED index. In conclusion, the changes observed in urinary metabolome demonstrate the effectiveness of the ALINFA nutritional intervention.
饮食在健康与疾病中起着至关重要的作用。因此，饮食的确定是许多研究的重要组成部分。本研究的目的是评估营养干预对6至12岁儿童尿液代谢组的影响。此外，旨在确定饮食质量和饮食摄入量的生物标志物。在西班牙儿童中进行了一项为期2个月的随机对照平行试验。分析集中在ALINFA组，该组遵循包括健康食品、即食餐和健康食谱的全固定饮食计划。通过KIDMED指数评估饮食质量，通过食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。对尿液样本进行非靶向代谢组学分析，并进行多变量分析以进行模式识别和特征代谢物鉴定。进行了PLS-DA和火山图分析以识别该组的鉴别代谢物。发现12种假定的代谢物与该干预最为相关。其中大多数是蛋白质和氨基酸代谢产物（N-核糖基组氨酸、吲哚丙烯酸和肽）以及脂质代谢产物（3-氧代-2-戊基环戊烷-1-己酸甲酯、辛二酰-L-肉碱和7-脱氢二查佩他林E）。干预后所有这些代谢物均下降，这主要与肥肉和总脂肪，尤其是饱和脂肪的摄入量减少有关。反过来，N-核糖基组氨酸和辛二酰-L-肉碱与饮食质量呈负相关，并且能够预测KIDMED指数的变化。总之，尿液代谢组中观察到的变化证明了ALINFA营养干预的有效性。
