Zhang Jing Shang, Li Jing, Wang Jin Da, Xiong Ying, Cao Kai, Li Meng, Wang Kai Jie, Mao Ying Yan, Liu Jian Ying, Wan Xiu-Hua
Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100005, China.
J Ophthalmol. 2024 Aug 6;2024:1055700. doi: 10.1155/2024/1055700. eCollection 2024.
To observe the relationship between myopia progression and changes in retinal thickness during one year of follow-up among primary school children.
The study included 1161 eyes of 708 myopic children, with 616 (53.06%) right eyes and 545 (46.94%) left eyes. The participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including visual acuity, axial length (AL), autorefraction, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination in 2016 and in 2017. An analysis was conducted on the differences in retinal thickness between different genders and between high myopia and nonhigh myopia. Furthermore, the study delved into the correlation between the progression of myopia and the changes of retinal thickness.
The average diopter was -1.83 ± 1.29D, average AL was 23.78 ± 0.94 mm, and average foveal thickness was 228.02 ± 23.00 m. For the inner retina, the median value [the lower quartile value, the upper quartile value] of the foveal thickness was thicker in the high myopia group than the nonhigh myopia group (67 [64; 74] m vs. 63 [56; 70] m), while the parafoveal region and perifoveal region were thinner in the high myopia group than the nonhigh myopia group (106 [100; 123] m vs. 124 [117; 130] m; 95.0 [93; 102] m vs. 104 [100; 108] m). Among all the children with myopia, 67.53% (784/1161) of them have a diopter progression within one year. The AL progression was 95.43% (1108/1161). The retinal thickness of all children has slightly increased in various regions. As the AL of the eye increased and the diopter decreased, the progression degree of inner retinal thickness and full retinal thickness (exclusive of full fovea) decreased.
For the school-age myopic children, the inner foveal retinal thickness were thicker in highly myopic students than in the nonhighly myopic students, while the parafoveal and perifoveal retina were thinner in highly myopic students. The inner and full retinal thicknesses of male students were thicker than that of females. The progression of myopia mainly affected the changes of the inner retinal thickness in the one-year follow-up.
观察小学生随访一年期间近视进展与视网膜厚度变化之间的关系。
该研究纳入了708名近视儿童的1161只眼，其中右眼616只（53.06%），左眼545只（46.94%）。参与者在2016年和2017年接受了全面的眼科检查，包括视力、眼轴长度（AL）、自动验光和光学相干断层扫描（OCT）检查。分析了不同性别以及高度近视和非高度近视之间视网膜厚度的差异。此外，该研究还深入探讨了近视进展与视网膜厚度变化之间的相关性。
平均屈光度为-1.83±1.29D，平均眼轴长度为23.78±0.94mm，平均黄斑中心凹厚度为228.02±23.00μm。对于视网膜内层，高度近视组黄斑中心凹厚度的中位数[下四分位数，上四分位数]比非高度近视组厚（67[64；74]μm对63[56；70]μm），而高度近视组黄斑旁区域和黄斑周围区域比非高度近视组薄（106[100；123]μm对124[117；130]μm；95.0[93；102]μm对104[100；108]μm）。在所有近视儿童中，67.53%（784/1161）的人在一年内屈光度有进展。眼轴长度进展为95.43%（1108/1161）。所有儿童各区域的视网膜厚度均略有增加。随着眼轴长度增加和屈光度降低，视网膜内层厚度和全视网膜厚度（不包括整个黄斑中心凹）的进展程度降低。
对于学龄期近视儿童，高度近视学生的黄斑中心凹视网膜内层厚度比非高度近视学生厚，而高度近视学生的黄斑旁和黄斑周围视网膜较薄。男学生的视网膜内层和全层厚度比女学生厚。在一年的随访中，近视进展主要影响视网膜内层厚度的变化。
