Department of Ophthalmology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
Korean J Ophthalmol. 2020 Dec;34(6):469-477. doi: 10.3341/kjo.2020.0012. Epub 2020 Dec 3.
To evaluate the differences in individual segmental retinal layer thickness in adult patients with high myopia.
This study compared the retinal layers of patients with high myopia (axial length of ≥26.0 mm) with those of normal controls using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. The thicknesses of the retinal layers were compared using nine Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study subfields. Choroidal thickness was also measured in the subfoveal area.
We included 37 eyes with high myopia and 37 eyes of healthy subjects. The mean age was 42.95 and 47.73 years (p = 0.114), and the mean axial length was 27.28 and 24.47 mm (p < 0.001), respectively. The parafoveal areas (outer ring segment) of the ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer, all segmental areas except the subfoveal region of the inner nuclear layer, most segmental areas (inner superior, inner inferior, outer superior, outer temporal, and outer nasal) of outer plexiform layer, and most segmental areas (subfovea, inner temporal, inner inferior, inner nasal, outer temporal, and outer inferior) of outer nuclear layer were thinner in eyes with high myopia than in normal eyes (all p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the levels of photoreceptor layer, retinal pigment epithelium, and nerve fiber layer. The mean choroidal thickness was 153.81 ± 64.80 and 239.54 ± 44.28 μm in the high myopia and control groups, respectively, which were significantly different (p < 0.001).
In high myopia without pathologic changes, there was a meaningful thinning of the retina and choroid, especially in most Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study subfield areas of the deep vascular complex, perifoveal area of the superficial vascular complex, and most areas of the outer nuclear layer in the outer retinal layer, which are associated with myopic axial elongation.
评估高度近视患者各节段视网膜层厚度的差异。
本研究使用频域光学相干断层扫描比较了高度近视（眼轴长度≥26.0mm）患者与正常对照者的视网膜层。使用 9 个早期糖尿病性视网膜病变研究亚区比较视网膜层的厚度。还在中心凹下区域测量脉络膜厚度。
共纳入 37 只高度近视眼和 37 只正常眼。平均年龄分别为 42.95 和 47.73 岁（p=0.114），平均眼轴长度分别为 27.28 和 24.47mm（p＜0.001）。在神经节细胞层和内丛状层的旁中心区（外环段）、内核层除中心凹下区域外的所有节段区、外丛状层的大部分节段区（内上、内下、外上、外颞和外鼻）和外核层的大部分节段区（中心凹、内颞、内下、内鼻、外颞和外下），高度近视眼均比正常眼薄（均 p＜0.05）。在光感受器层、视网膜色素上皮层和神经纤维层之间，未见统计学上显著差异。脉络膜厚度平均值分别为高度近视组 153.81±64.80μm 和对照组 239.54±44.28μm，差异有统计学意义（p＜0.001）。
在无病理改变的高度近视中，视网膜和脉络膜有明显变薄，特别是在深层血管复合体的大多数早期糖尿病性视网膜病变研究亚区、浅层血管复合体的中心凹旁区和外层视网膜的外核层的大多数区域，这与近视性眼轴延长有关。
