Universidad de Antioquia. Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública. Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética. Medellín, ANT, Colombia.
Universidad de Antioquia. Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública. Grupo de Investigación en Epidemiología. Medellín, ANT, Colombia.
Rev Saude Publica. 2024 Aug 9;58:31. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2024058005424. eCollection 2024.
To analyze the consumption of critical nutrients and other sweeteners, according to the degree of food processing in the population of Antioquia.
Cross-Sectional Study. The dietary intake of 4,382 participants of the Perfil Alimentario y Nutricional de Antioquia 2019 (Antioquia Food and Nutrition Profile 2019) was evaluated. Processed foods (PF) and ultra-processed products (UPP) reported by 24-hour recall were classified according to the Nova system. The Nutrient Profile Model (NPM) of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) was used. The amount of PF and UPP consumed with excess of critical nutrients related to chronic diseases (CD) was measured. The difference in average intake, the prevalence of excess intake, and the likelihood of inadequacy between groups with and without excess dietary content were assessed.
Nearly 50% of the PF and UPP consumed had excess in at least one critical nutrient. The population consumed daily one or more products with excess in free sugar (73.3%), total fat (75.2%), saturated fat (77.0%), sodium (83.9%), and/or sweeteners (36.8%). Those who consumed products with excessive amounts had a higher intake of total fat (> 5.8%); saturated fat (> 3.8%); and sodium (> 698.7 mg) in adults and adolescents, in children 5-10 years (> 659.2 mg), and in children under 5 years (> 498 mg). Those who consumed products with excessive amounts presented the greatest possibilities of dietary inadequacy.
The population of Antioquia that consumes PF and UPP with excessive amounts of free sugars, total fat, saturated fat, sodium, and/or sweeteners presents an unbalanced diet. Reducing the consumption of these products and returning to a natural and/or minimally processed diet may be an effective strategy to achieve the nutrient intake recommendations prioritized by PAHO in the population of Antioquia.
根据食物加工程度分析安蒂奥基亚人群的关键营养素和其他甜味剂的消耗情况。
横断面研究。评估了 2019 年安蒂奥基亚饮食营养概况（Perfil Alimentario y Nutricional de Antioquia 2019）中 4382 名参与者的饮食摄入情况。根据 Nova 系统对 24 小时回顾报告的加工食品（PF）和超加工产品（UPP）进行分类。使用泛美卫生组织（PAHO）的营养素概况模型（NPM）。测量与慢性病（CD）相关的关键营养素过量消耗的 PF 和 UPP 量。评估了有和没有过量饮食摄入的组之间平均摄入量、过量摄入的流行率和不足的可能性的差异。
近 50%的 PF 和 UPP 消耗中至少有一种关键营养素过量。该人群每天食用一种或多种含有过量游离糖（73.3%）、总脂肪（75.2%）、饱和脂肪（77.0%）、钠（83.9%）和/或甜味剂（36.8%）的产品。那些食用过量产品的人在成年人和青少年中总脂肪摄入量更高（>5.8%）；饱和脂肪（>3.8%）；以及钠（>698.7 毫克），5-10 岁儿童（>659.2 毫克），5 岁以下儿童（>498 毫克）。那些食用过量产品的人出现饮食不足的可能性最大。
食用含有过量游离糖、总脂肪、饱和脂肪、钠和/或甜味剂的 PF 和 UPP 的安蒂奥基亚人群饮食不均衡。减少这些产品的消费并回归自然和/或最低限度加工的饮食可能是在安蒂奥基亚人群中实现 PAHO 优先营养素摄入建议的有效策略。
