University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Clin Microbiol. 2024 Sep 11;62(9):e0081624. doi: 10.1128/jcm.00816-24. Epub 2024 Aug 14.
Significant increases in rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by (TV), (CT), (NG), and (MG) are occurring in the United States. We present results of a U.S. study examining the intersection of STIs and vaginitis. Among 1,051 women with diagnoses for the presence or absence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and/or symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), 195 (18.5%) had one or more STIs, including 101 (9.6%) with TV, 24 (2.3%) with CT, 9 (0.8%) with NG, and 93 (8.8%) with MG. STI prevalence in BV-positive women was 26.3% (136/518), significantly higher than STI prevalence of 12.5% (59/474) in BV-negative women ( < 0.0002). Unlike infections with CT or NG, solo infections of MG or TV were each significantly associated with a diagnosis of BV-positive/VVC-negative (OR 3.0751; 95% CI 1.5797-5.9858, = 0.0113, and OR 2.873; 95% CI 1.5687-5.2619, = 0.0017, respectively) and with mixed infections containing MG and TV (OR 3.4886; 95% CI 1.8901-6.439, = 0.0042, and OR 3.1858; 95% CI 1.809-5.6103, = 0.0014, respectively). TV and MG infection rates were higher in all Nugent score (NS) categories than CT and NG infection rates; however, both STIs had similar comparative prevalence ratios to CT in NS 6-10 vs NS 0-5 (CT: 3.06% vs 1.4%, 2.2-fold; MG: 10.7% vs 6.1%, 1.8-fold; TV: 14.5% vs 7.0%, 2.1-fold). NG prevalence was relatively invariant by the NS category. These results highlight the complexity of associations of STIs with two major causes of vaginitis and underscore the importance of STI testing in women seeking care for abnormal vaginal discharge and inflammation.
This study reports high rates for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in women seeking care for symptoms of vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis, revealing highly complex associations of STIs with two of the major causes of vaginal dysbiosis. These results underscore the importance of STI testing in women seeking care for abnormal vaginal discharge and inflammation.
在美国，由 （TV）、 （CT）、 （NG） 和 （MG）引起的性传播感染（STI）率显著上升。我们报告了一项美国研究的结果，该研究检查了 STI 与阴道炎的交集。在 1051 名患有细菌性阴道炎（BV）和/或有症状的外阴阴道念珠菌病（VVC）诊断的女性中，195 名（18.5%）患有一种或多种 STI，包括 101 名（9.6%）患有 TV、24 名（2.3%）患有 CT、9 名（0.8%）患有 NG 和 93 名（8.8%）患有 MG。BV 阳性女性的 STI 患病率为 26.3%（136/518），明显高于 BV 阴性女性的 12.5%（59/474）（<0.0002）。与 CT 或 NG 感染不同，MG 或 TV 的单独感染均与 BV 阳性/VVC 阴性的诊断显著相关（OR 3.0751；95%CI 1.5797-5.9858，=0.0113，OR 2.873；95%CI 1.5687-5.2619，=0.0017，分别），并且与含有 MG 和 TV 的混合感染相关（OR 3.4886；95%CI 1.8901-6.439，=0.0042，OR 3.1858；95%CI 1.809-5.6103，=0.0014，分别）。在所有 Nugent 评分（NS）类别中，TV 和 MG 的感染率均高于 CT 和 NG 的感染率；然而，在 NS 6-10 与 NS 0-5 相比，这两种 STI 的相对流行率比值与 CT 相似（CT：3.06%与 1.4%，2.2 倍；MG：10.7%与 6.1%，1.8 倍；TV：14.5%与 7.0%，2.1 倍）。NG 的流行率与 NS 类别相对不变。这些结果突出了 STI 与两种主要阴道炎病因之间关联的复杂性，并强调了在寻求异常阴道分泌物和炎症治疗的女性中进行 STI 检测的重要性。
本研究报告了寻求治疗阴道炎和细菌性阴道炎症状的女性中 STI 的高发病率，揭示了 STI 与两种主要阴道菌群失调病因之间高度复杂的关联。这些结果强调了在寻求异常阴道分泌物和炎症治疗的女性中进行 STI 检测的重要性。
