Peters W, Elbihari S, Liu C, Le Blancq S M, Evans D A, Killick-Kendrick R, Smith V, Baldwin C I
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1985;79(6):831-9. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(85)90130-0.
Using up to 13 enzymes, biochemical characterization of 75 isolates of Leishmania made from man, wild animals and sandflies from a wide variety of localities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has revealed the presence of L. major (two similar zymodemes), L. tropica (two zymodemes) and a parasite of the L. donovani-L. infantum complex. Zymodeme LON-4 of L. major has been found in 52 of 53 isolates so far characterized from man, from one specimen of Phlebotomus papatasi, from 15 Psammomys obesus, from one Meriones libycus and from one dog. One isolate from man has been identified as a new variant of L. major. This variant, zymodeme LON-65, varies from zymodeme LON-4 in a single enzyme. While this is the only example of zymodeme LON-65 identified so far, zymodeme LON-4 has also been obtained from Kuwait and Iraq. These are the first reports of L. major in Meriones libycus from Saudi Arabia and the first proven isolate from the dog in any country. L. tropica was identified from only two foci, whereas L. major appears to be widely distributed in the Kingdom. Two infants with kala-azar were found to be infected with a parasite apparently identical to zymodeme LON-42 of L. donovani (sensu lato) which also occurs in the highlands of Ethiopia.
利用多达13种酶，对从沙特阿拉伯王国各地的人类、野生动物和白蛉中分离出的75株利什曼原虫进行生化特性分析，结果显示存在硕大利什曼原虫（两种相似酶谱型）、热带利什曼原虫（两种酶谱型）以及杜氏利什曼原虫-婴儿利什曼原虫复合体的一种寄生虫。到目前为止，在已鉴定的53株来自人类的分离株、1株巴氏白蛉标本、15只肥尾沙鼠、1只利比亚沙鼠和1只狗的标本中，已发现52株为硕大利什曼原虫的LON-4酶谱型。从一名人类身上分离出的一株被鉴定为硕大利什曼原虫的新变种。这个变种，即LON-65酶谱型，与LON-4酶谱型仅在一种酶上有所不同。虽然这是目前为止鉴定出的LON-65酶谱型的唯一例子，但LON-4酶谱型也已从科威特和伊拉克获得。这些是沙特阿拉伯首次关于利比亚沙鼠体内硕大利什曼原虫的报道，也是任何国家首例经证实的狗感染病例。仅从两个疫源地鉴定出了热带利什曼原虫，而硕大利什曼原虫似乎在沙特阿拉伯广泛分布。发现两名患有黑热病的婴儿感染了一种寄生虫，该寄生虫显然与杜氏利什曼原虫（广义）的LON-42酶谱型相同，这种酶谱型也出现在埃塞俄比亚的高地地区。
