Assistant Professor of Nephrology, Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Master of Science in Educational Technology in Medical Science, Nursing Office, Mahdiyeh Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Nephrol. 2024 Aug 14;25(1):262. doi: 10.1186/s12882-024-03693-w.
Adherence to diet is effective for metabolic control in patients on hemodialysis. There are educational pamphlets or booklets to improve patients' knowledge about healthy diets. As video presentation is more desirable than the presentation of readable materials, we designed an educational video on healthy diets in renal failure patients who was played during several sessions of hemodialysis. We compared the effect of this modality on the knowledge, attitudes and metabolic control of the patients before and after the intervention.
In this interventional study, all the patients who were referred to the hemodialysis ward at Ashrafi-Esfahani Medical Center (Tehran, Iran) between May 2018 and March 2019 were enrolled (N = 190). Totally, 130 patients had inclusion criteria. An educational video about a healthy diet was shown seven times (once a week in the first month, once every two weeks in the second month, and once in the third month) during hemodialysis for the patients. The nephrologist prepared a video in the form of a lecture with graphic images for 20 min based on the healthy nutrition of the Kidney Federation of Iran's Guide for hemodialysis patients. The questionnaire was completed in terms of awareness and attitudes, and blood and urine tests were performed at the 1st, 3rd, and 12th months. Serum parameters, including electrolytes, lipid profile, CBC-diff, dialysis efficacy (Kt/V), and the URR (urine filtration rate) were examined. Pre and post intervention values were compared via the statistical analysis performed using IBM SPSS. P-Value < 0.05 was significant.
The data of 128 people were analyzed at the end of the study. 55% of patients were 10-40 years old and 60% were male. 56% of patients were illiterate or had an elementary school education. The most common underlying diseases were hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Ten to 19% of participants had enough knowledge about the various components of a healthy diet for patients on hemodialysis. Approximately 25%, 14%, and 45% of the participants consumed a healthy diet for breakfast, lunch and dinner, respectively. A comparison of the mean values of the serum parameters before and after the intervention revealed significant changes in phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen, and hemoglobin with mean differences of -118.41 ± 22.84, 21.51 ± 10.38 (both P < 0.001), and 0.29 ± 1.18 (P = 0.044), respectively. The mean Kt/V was similar at all phases.
The use of an educational video was effective for normalizing the metabolic parameters in patients under hemodialysis and can be an appropriate option, especially for illiterate patients.
IRCT2016082229481N1.
对于接受血液透析的患者，坚持饮食有助于控制代谢。有一些教育小册子或手册可以提高患者对健康饮食的认识。由于视频演示比可读材料更受欢迎，因此我们设计了一个针对肾衰竭患者的健康饮食教育视频，在几次血液透析过程中播放。我们比较了干预前后该方法对患者知识、态度和代谢控制的影响。
在这项干预性研究中，我们招募了 2018 年 5 月至 2019 年 3 月期间在阿什拉菲-伊斯法罕尼医疗中心（伊朗德黑兰）血液透析病房就诊的所有患者（N=190）。共有 130 名患者符合纳入标准。为患者在血液透析期间每周一次（第一个月一次，第二个月每两周一次，第三个月一次）播放时长为 20 分钟的关于健康饮食的教育视频。肾病学家根据伊朗肾脏联合会为血液透析患者制定的《健康营养指南》，以讲座的形式用图形图像制作了视频。问卷调查包括意识和态度，第 1、3 和 12 个月进行血液和尿液检查。检查血清参数，包括电解质、血脂谱、CBC-diff、透析效率（Kt/V）和 URR（尿过滤率）。使用 IBM SPSS 进行统计分析比较干预前后的值。P 值<0.05 具有统计学意义。
研究结束时分析了 128 人的数据。55%的患者年龄在 10-40 岁之间，60%为男性。56%的患者为文盲或接受过小学教育。最常见的基础疾病是高血压和糖尿病。10-19%的参与者对血液透析患者健康饮食的各个组成部分有足够的了解。大约 25%、14%和 45%的参与者分别在早餐、午餐和晚餐时食用健康饮食。干预前后血清参数的平均值比较显示，磷、血尿素氮和血红蛋白的均值变化具有统计学意义，分别为-118.41±22.84、21.51±10.38（均 P<0.001）和 0.29±1.18（P=0.044）。各阶段的平均 Kt/V 相似。
使用教育视频有助于使血液透析患者的代谢参数正常化，是一种合适的选择，特别是对于文盲患者。
IRCT2016082229481N1。
