Wang Qiuzhen, Yu Xinping, He Yike, Zhang Yong, Hui Ruixue, Ye Huike, Wang Caili, Bai Mohan
Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China.
Hebei Key Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Disease Control for Aquaculture, Qinhuangdao, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Jul 31;15:1410195. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1410195. eCollection 2024.
Anthropogenic activities are driving significant changes in coastal ecological environments, increasingly spotlighting microorganisms associated with seagrass bed ecosystems. is primarily recognized as a saprophytic protist associated with marine detritus, and it also acts as an opportunistic pathogen affecting marine algae, terrestrial plants and mollusks, especially in coastal environments. The genus plays a key role in the decomposition of marine detritus, facilitated by its interactions with diatoms and through the utilization of a diverse array of carbohydrate-active enzymes to decompose seagrass cell walls. However, human activities have significantly influenced the prevalence and severity of seagrass wasting disease (SWD) through factors such as climate warming, increased salinity and ocean acidification. The rise in temperature and salinity, exacerbated by human-induced climate change, has been shown to increase the susceptibility of seagrass to , highlighting the adaptability of pathogen to environmental stressors. Moreover, the role of seagrass in regulating pathogen load and their immune response to underscore the complex dynamics within these marine ecosystems. Importantly, the genotype diversity of seagrass hosts, environmental stress factors and the presence of marine organisms such as oysters, can influence the interaction mechanisms between seagrass and . Besides, these organisms have the potential to both mitigate and facilitate pathogen transmission. The complexity of these interactions and their impacts driven by human activities calls for the development of comprehensive multi-factor models to better understand and manage the conservation and restoration of seagrass beds.
人为活动正在推动沿海生态环境发生重大变化，使与海草床生态系统相关的微生物日益受到关注。 主要被认为是一种与海洋碎屑相关的腐生原生生物，它还作为一种机会性病原体影响海洋藻类、陆地植物和软体动物，尤其是在沿海环境中。该属在海洋碎屑的分解中起关键作用，这得益于它与硅藻的相互作用以及通过利用多种碳水化合物活性酶来分解海草细胞壁。然而，人类活动通过气候变暖、盐度增加和海洋酸化等因素，显著影响了海草衰退病（SWD）的流行程度和严重程度。人为引起的气候变化加剧了温度和盐度的上升，已表明这会增加海草对 的易感性，突出了病原体对环境压力源的适应性。此外，海草在调节病原体负荷及其对 的免疫反应方面的作用，强调了这些海洋生态系统内部的复杂动态。重要的是，海草宿主的基因型多样性、环境压力因素以及牡蛎等海洋生物的存在，会影响海草与 之间的相互作用机制。此外，这些生物有可能减轻和促进病原体传播。这些相互作用的复杂性及其由人类活动驱动的影响，要求开发全面的多因素模型，以更好地理解和管理海草床的保护和恢复。
