Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
Eur J Pediatr. 2024 Oct;183(10):4507-4518. doi: 10.1007/s00431-024-05729-7. Epub 2024 Aug 15.
This study aimed to identify changes in clusters of lifestyle behaviours (physical activity, screen time and diet) between the ages of 7 and 14 years, and to examine socio-demographic determinants of changes. Longitudinal analyses were performed on a sample of 9339 children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) who had complete data on behaviours of interest at age 7 (wave 4) and 14 years (wave 6). Joint Correspondence Analysis (JCA) and k-means cluster analysis were used to identify clusters of lifestyle behaviours at both time waves. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between socio-economic variables and changes in cluster membership. Analyses were conducted separately for boys and girls. Clusters of behaviours at age 7 and 14 years were identified as healthy, mixed or unhealthy respectively. Compared to girls, a higher proportion of boys remained in the healthier cluster over time (19.1% vs. 13.1%) or became healthier (26.4% vs. 9.36%). A higher proportion of girls changed to an unhealthier cluster (57.2% vs. 33.9%). Indicators of lower socio-economic status, such as low family income, low parental education, and not living with both parents at age 7 were associated with unhealthier changes in cluster membership. Conclusion Lifestyle behaviours cluster in children and are susceptible to change over a 7-year period, with a high proportion of boys becoming healthier and a higher proportion of girls became unhealthier. Indicators of socio-economic status appear to be important in determining changes in clusters. What is Known: • Poor lifestyle behaviours (i.e. unhealthy dietary habits, low physical activity, and sedentary behaviours) tend to cluster in children and adolescents. What is New: • Lifestyle behaviours cluster in children and are susceptible to changes between childhood and adolescence. Changes occur differently in boys and girls. Indicators of low socio-economic status are associated with unhealthier changes in behavioural clusters.
本研究旨在确定 7 至 14 岁儿童生活方式行为（体力活动、屏幕时间和饮食）集群的变化，并研究社会人口决定因素的变化。对来自英国千禧年队列研究（MCS）的 9339 名儿童样本进行了纵向分析，这些儿童在 7 岁（第 4 波）和 14 岁（第 6 波）时具有完整的行为数据。联合对应分析（JCA）和 K 均值聚类分析用于识别两个时间波的生活方式行为集群。使用多项逻辑回归检查社会经济变量与聚类成员变化之间的关联。分别对男孩和女孩进行分析。7 岁和 14 岁时的行为集群分别被确定为健康、混合或不健康。与女孩相比，随着时间的推移，更多的男孩保持在更健康的集群中（19.1%比 13.1%）或变得更健康（26.4%比 9.36%）。更多的女孩转变为更不健康的集群（57.2%比 33.9%）。7 岁时社会经济地位较低的指标，如家庭收入低、父母教育程度低、与父母同住的比例低，与集群成员不健康变化相关。结论儿童的生活方式行为会聚类，并且在 7 年内容易发生变化，其中更多的男孩变得更健康，更多的女孩变得更不健康。社会经济地位的指标似乎在决定集群变化方面很重要。已知：• 不良的生活方式行为（即不健康的饮食习惯、低体力活动和久坐行为）往往在儿童和青少年中聚集。新内容：• 生活方式行为在儿童中聚类，并且容易在儿童期和青春期之间发生变化。男孩和女孩的变化方式不同。社会经济地位较低的指标与行为集群的不健康变化有关。
