Pérez-Rodrigo Carmen, Gil Ángel, González-Gross Marcela, Ortega Rosa M, Serra-Majem Lluis, Varela-Moreiras Gregorio, Aranceta-Bartrina Javier
FIDEC Foundation, University of the Basque Country, Gurtubay s/n, Bilbao 48010, Spain.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Campus de la Salud, Avda. del Conocimiento, Armilla, Granada 18100, Spain.
Nutrients. 2015 Dec 28;8(1):11. doi: 10.3390/nu8010011.
Weight gain has been associated with behaviors related to diet, sedentary lifestyle, and physical activity. We investigated dietary patterns and possible meaningful clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep time in Spanish children and adolescents and whether the identified clusters could be associated with overweight. Analysis was based on a subsample (n = 415) of the cross-sectional ANIBES study in Spain. We performed exploratory factor analysis and subsequent cluster analysis of dietary patterns, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep time. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between the cluster solutions and overweight. Factor analysis identified four dietary patterns, one reflecting a profile closer to the traditional Mediterranean diet. Dietary patterns, physical activity behaviors, sedentary behaviors and sleep time on weekdays in Spanish children and adolescents clustered into two different groups. A low physical activity-poorer diet lifestyle pattern, which included a higher proportion of girls, and a high physical activity, low sedentary behavior, longer sleep duration, healthier diet lifestyle pattern. Although increased risk of being overweight was not significant, the Prevalence Ratios (PRs) for the low physical activity-poorer diet lifestyle pattern were >1 in children and in adolescents. The healthier lifestyle pattern included lower proportions of children and adolescents from low socioeconomic status backgrounds.
体重增加与饮食、久坐不动的生活方式以及体育活动等行为有关。我们调查了西班牙儿童和青少年的饮食模式以及体育活动、久坐行为和睡眠时间可能存在的有意义的聚类情况，以及所确定的聚类是否与超重有关。分析基于西班牙横断面ANIBES研究的一个子样本（n = 415）。我们对饮食模式、体育活动、久坐行为和睡眠时间进行了探索性因素分析及后续聚类分析。采用逻辑回归分析来探讨聚类结果与超重之间的关联。因素分析确定了四种饮食模式，其中一种反映出更接近传统地中海饮食的特征。西班牙儿童和青少年平日的饮食模式、体育活动行为、久坐行为和睡眠时间聚为两个不同的组。一种是低体育活动 - 较差饮食的生活方式模式，其中女孩比例较高；另一种是高体育活动、低久坐行为、较长睡眠时间、更健康饮食的生活方式模式。虽然超重风险增加并不显著，但在儿童和青少年中，低体育活动 - 较差饮食生活方式模式的患病率比值（PRs）大于1。更健康的生活方式模式中，来自社会经济地位较低背景的儿童和青少年比例较低。
