Department of Psychology, Portland State University.
Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2024 Oct;29(5):299-316. doi: 10.1037/ocp0000384. Epub 2024 Aug 15.
The high, and rate of loneliness is a threat to public health (Office of the Surgeon General, 2023), with negative mental and physical health consequences (e.g., Holt-Lunstad, 2021). Given that loneliness is a risk factor for poor mental health, efforts to address loneliness are urgently needed. Workplaces can facilitate an employee's social connection through supervisor support training, which can help mitigate loneliness. Among occupational groups, the military is at higher risk for mental health disorders, suicide, and loneliness (Fikretoglu et al., 2022; Naifeh et al., 2019). This study evaluated the efficacy of an evidence-based supportive-leadership training intervention targeting active-duty U.S. Army platoon leaders and targeting both proactive support behaviors that help bolster employee social connection and responsive support behaviors, including destigmatizing mental health. Ninety-nine platoon leaders (69.7% of eligible leaders) completed the 90-min training that consisted of both in-person and computer-based components. Using a cluster-randomized controlled trial design, intervention effects were tested using an intent-to-treat approach and revealed a significant effect, whereby loneliness of service members whose leaders were randomized to the intervention group ( = 118) was significantly reduced compared to loneliness reports for service members in the control group ( = 158). Additionally, service members with higher baseline loneliness were more strongly and positively impacted by the supervisor training, reporting higher levels of supportive behaviors from their leaders at 3 months postbaseline. In sum, these results suggest how workplaces, especially those that are considered high-risk occupations, and their leaders play a critical role in a national strategy to address Americans' well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
孤独感高且发生率高是对公共健康的威胁（外科医生总干事办公室，2023 年），会对心理健康和身体健康产生负面影响（例如，Holt-Lunstad，2021 年）。鉴于孤独感是心理健康不良的一个风险因素，因此迫切需要努力解决孤独感问题。工作场所可以通过主管支持培训来促进员工的社交联系，这有助于减轻孤独感。在职业群体中，军队的心理健康障碍、自杀和孤独感风险更高（Fikretoglu 等人，2022 年；Naifeh 等人，2019 年）。本研究评估了一项针对现役美国陆军排级指挥官的基于证据的支持型领导培训干预措施的效果，该干预措施针对的是积极主动的支持行为，这些行为有助于增强员工的社交联系，以及反应性支持行为，包括消除心理健康污名化。99 名排级指挥官（符合条件的指挥官的 69.7%）完成了 90 分钟的培训，包括面对面和基于计算机的两个部分。使用集群随机对照试验设计，采用意向治疗方法测试干预效果，结果显示出显著效果，即随机分配到干预组的服务人员的孤独感（n = 118）显著低于对照组的服务人员的孤独感报告（n = 158）。此外，基线孤独感较高的服务人员受到主管培训的影响更为强烈和积极，在基线后 3 个月报告了更高水平的来自其领导的支持性行为。总之，这些结果表明工作场所，尤其是那些被认为是高风险职业的工作场所，以及它们的领导者在解决美国人福祉的国家战略中发挥着关键作用。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2024 APA，保留所有权利）。
