Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, China.
Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 15;19(8):e0309070. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309070. eCollection 2024.
In contrast to prolonged exposure to high temperatures, investigating short-term high-temperature stress can provide insights into the impact of varying heat stress durations on plant development and soil nutrient dynamics, which is crucial for advancing ecological agriculture. In this study, five heating temperatures were set at 200°C, 250°C, 300°C, 350°C, and 400°C, along with five heating time gradients of 6s, 10s, 14s, 18s, and 20s, including a control. A total of 26 treatment groups were analyzed, focusing on maize growth parameters and soil indicators. Principal component analysis was used for comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that high-temperature treatments with different heating times significantly influenced maize growth and soil properties. For instance, the treatment of 300°C+6s resulted in the longest total root length, while 200°C+6s led to the highest average root diameter. Plant height and leaf length were notably increased with the treatment of 400°C+6s. Most treatments resulted in decreased soil pH and organic matter content. Notably, the treatment of 350°C+16s showed the highest available phosphorus content, reaching 24.0 mg/kg, an increase of 4.5 mg/kg compared to the control. The study found that the average levels of active organic carbon and peroxidase were 1.26 mg/g and 3.91 mg/g, respectively. Additionally, the average mass fractions of clay, silt, and sand particles were 8.99%, 66.75%, and 24.26%, respectively. Through principal component analysis, six principal components were able to extract 19 indicators from the 26 treatments, covering 86.129% of the information. It was observed that 16 treatment methods performed better than the control in terms of soil comprehensive quality. The optimal treatment temperature and time identified for improving soil physicochemical properties and crop growth were 300°C+6s. These findings can be used to guide agricultural management and soil improvement practices, ultimately enhancing field productivity and providing valuable insights for sustainable agricultural development.
与长时间暴露在高温下相比，研究短期高温胁迫可以深入了解不同热胁迫持续时间对植物发育和土壤养分动态的影响，这对于推进生态农业至关重要。在这项研究中，设置了五个加热温度，分别为 200°C、250°C、300°C、350°C 和 400°C，以及五个加热时间梯度，分别为 6s、10s、14s、18s 和 20s，包括一个对照。共分析了 26 个处理组，重点关注玉米生长参数和土壤指标。采用主成分分析进行综合评价。结果表明，不同加热时间的高温处理显著影响玉米生长和土壤特性。例如，300°C+6s 的处理导致总根长最长，而 200°C+6s 的处理导致平均根直径最高。400°C+6s 的处理使株高和叶长显著增加。大多数处理导致土壤 pH 值和有机质含量降低。值得注意的是，350°C+16s 的处理可使有效磷含量最高，达到 24.0mg/kg，比对照增加了 4.5mg/kg。研究发现，活性有机碳和过氧化物酶的平均含量分别为 1.26mg/g 和 3.91mg/g。此外，粘粒、粉粒和砂粒的平均质量分数分别为 8.99%、66.75%和 24.26%。通过主成分分析，从 26 种处理中提取了 19 个指标的六个主成分，涵盖了 86.129%的信息。观察到 16 种处理方法在土壤综合质量方面优于对照。确定提高土壤理化性质和作物生长的最佳处理温度和时间为 300°C+6s。这些发现可用于指导农业管理和土壤改良实践，最终提高田间生产力，并为可持续农业发展提供有价值的见解。
