State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Marine Resources and Environment, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175530. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175530. Epub 2024 Aug 13.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are highly concerning environmental pollutants due to their toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation. In this paper, concentrations and compositions of 16 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) priority control PAHs in the fish collected from four lakes in central and eastern China were analyzed. 18 species of fish were collected from four typical lakes, namely Taihu Lake, Danjiangkou Reservoir, Yuncheng Salt Lake, and Nansi Lake. Quantitative analysis of PAHs were carried out with gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer, and 13 out of 16 PAHs were identified, with the main components being pyrene, chrysene, naphthalene, and benzo(b)fluoranthene. The accumulation of PAHs in fish from Taihu Lake, Danjiangkou Reservoir, Yuncheng Salt Lake, and Nansi Lake was 28.75-47.27, 26.60-31.93, 33.56-39.30, and 27.22-43.01 ng·g, respectively. The toxic equivalents of high-cyclic PAHs in fish of the four lakes were significantly higher than those of low-cyclic and middle-cyclic PAHs (P < 0.05). In Taihu Lake, Danjiangkou Reservoir, and Nansi Lake, the toxicity equivalents were predominantly contributed by benzo[a] pyrene (BaP), while in Yuncheng Salt Lake, dibenzo(a,h) anthracene (DahA) was the main contributor. The residents in central and eastern China exposed to PAHs had a negligible non-cancer risk (non-carcinogenic risk values <1) and a potential low cancer risk. It was noteworthy that the Pleuronichthys cornutus and Lateolabrax japonicus from Yuncheng Salt Lake could pose carcinogenic risks (>10) to humans, with benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) having the highest risk contribution rate. Source analysis indicated that the main source of PAHs in fish was combustion sources. BaP, DahA, and BbF could become potential pollutants of concern in the field of ecotoxicology. The results of this study on PAHs bioaccumulation, pollution characteristics, sources and health risks in fish from four lakes would provide a scientific basis for local governments to formulate targeted environmental management policies, pollution control measures, and public health strategies.
多环芳烃（PAHs）是极具毒性、持久性和生物累积性的高度关注的环境污染物。本文分析了采集自中国中部和东部四个湖泊的鱼类样本中 16 种美国环保署（USEPA）优先控制的 PAHs 的浓度和组成。从四个典型湖泊（太湖、丹江口水库、运城盐湖和南四湖）采集了 18 种鱼类。采用气相色谱/质谱联用仪对 PAHs 进行定量分析，共鉴定出 13 种 PAHs，主要成分有苝、䓛、萘和苯并（b）荧蒽。太湖、丹江口水库、运城盐湖和南四湖鱼类中 PAHs 的积累量分别为 28.75-47.27、26.60-31.93、33.56-39.30 和 27.22-43.01ng·g-1。四个湖泊鱼类中环数较高的 PAHs 的毒性当量明显高于中环和中环的 PAHs（P<0.05）。在太湖、丹江口水库和南四湖中，苯并[a]芘（BaP）是毒性当量的主要贡献者，而在运城盐湖中，二苯并[a,h]蒽（DahA）是主要贡献者。中国中部和东部地区接触 PAHs 的居民的非癌症风险可忽略不计（非致癌风险值<1），但存在潜在的低癌症风险。值得注意的是，运城盐湖的鲻鱼和牙鲆可能对人类具有致癌风险（>10），其中苯并[b]荧蒽（BbF）的风险贡献率最高。来源分析表明，鱼类中 PAHs 的主要来源是燃烧源。BaP、DahA 和 BbF 可能成为生态毒理学领域的潜在关注污染物。本研究对四个湖泊鱼类中 PAHs 生物累积、污染特征、来源和健康风险的研究结果，可为地方政府制定有针对性的环境管理政策、污染控制措施和公共卫生策略提供科学依据。
