Mullis Danielle M, Mueller Claudia, Bonham Spencer A, Hunt Emily, Uribe Daniela, Miller Hayley, Bianco Y Katherine
School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Front Surg. 2024 Aug 1;11:1442501. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2024.1442501. eCollection 2024.
Despite a growing number of women entering medical school, a small proportion of women pursue surgical specialties, including pediatric surgery. This multi-center study assesses gender-based differences in measures of scholarly productivity and distribution of faculty positions.
This is a retrospective web-based study of all pediatric surgeons at twelve large institutions across the United States. Data published by the American Association of Medical Colleges was compiled and analyzed to understand the gender distributions of medical students, general surgery residents, and pediatric surgery fellows. -values were calculated using two-sided Student's independent t-tests and chi-squared tests.
There have been a growing number of women applying into pediatric surgery, but the proportion of women matriculating into these fellowships is not concordant. Women are still underrepresented (28%) amongst the pediatric surgeon workforce. A total of 111 pediatric surgeons were identified for this study, which included 31 women (28%) and 80 males (72%). There was a significant difference in the distribution across academic ranks between genders ( < 0.001). Women had significantly fewer publications per year after residency, fewer total publications, and a lower h-index in comparison to men ( < .001, = .005, = .002, respectively).
Women are not only underrepresented in pediatric surgery, but there are also significant differences in the distribution of faculty positions and scholarly productivity when comparing men and women. There is a pressing need to improve gender diversity and identify barriers that may prevent women from advancing to leadership positions and achieving professional success.
尽管进入医学院的女性人数不断增加，但只有一小部分女性选择外科专业，包括小儿外科。这项多中心研究评估了学术产出指标和教师职位分布方面的性别差异。
这是一项基于网络的回顾性研究，研究对象为美国12家大型机构的所有小儿外科医生。收集并分析了美国医学院协会公布的数据，以了解医学生、普通外科住院医师和小儿外科研究员的性别分布情况。使用双侧学生独立t检验和卡方检验计算p值。
申请小儿外科的女性人数不断增加，但进入这些奖学金项目的女性比例并不一致。在小儿外科医生队伍中，女性的比例仍然较低（28%）。本研究共确定了111名小儿外科医生，其中包括31名女性（28%）和80名男性（72%）。不同性别在学术职级分布上存在显著差异（p<0.001）。与男性相比，女性住院医师毕业后每年发表的论文数量显著减少，总论文数量更少，h指数更低（分别为p<0.001、p = 0.005、p = 0.002）。
女性不仅在小儿外科领域的代表性不足，而且在比较男性和女性时，教师职位分布和学术产出也存在显著差异。迫切需要提高性别多样性，并找出可能阻碍女性晋升到领导职位并取得职业成功的障碍。
