Logsdon M T, Jones H E
Cutis. 1979 Nov;24(5):524-7, 532-5.
North American blastomycosis, first reported in 1894, and once thought to be a geographically localized disease, has now been reported worldwide. The greatest number of cases occur in the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio River basins. The organism enters the body via the lungs with subsequent dissemination to other organs, including the skin, eyes, bones, and genitourinary system. Patients most often present with cutaneous or pulmonary complaints. Demonstration of characteristic fungal morphology in microscopic smears or in histologic specimens is highly suggestive of Blastomyces dermatitidis. However, proof of the diagnosis is obtained only by mycologic culture. Some progress has been made using other laboratory methods to produce a rapid diagnosis. This paper reviews in detail the varied clinical presentations of blastomycosis, the laboratory diagnosis, and current treatment.
北美芽生菌病于1894年首次报道，曾被认为是一种局限于特定地理区域的疾病，如今在全球范围内均有报道。病例数最多的地区是密西西比河流域、密苏里河流域和俄亥俄河流域。该病原体通过肺部进入人体，随后扩散至其他器官，包括皮肤、眼睛、骨骼和泌尿生殖系统。患者最常出现皮肤或肺部症状。在显微镜涂片或组织学标本中发现特征性真菌形态高度提示皮炎芽生菌感染。然而，只有通过真菌培养才能确诊。使用其他实验室方法进行快速诊断已取得了一些进展。本文详细综述了芽生菌病的各种临床表现、实验室诊断及当前的治疗方法。
