电子健康护理体验式学习计划对 2 型糖尿病患者的短期影响：随机对照试验。

Short-Term Effects of an eHealth Care Experiential Learning Program Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial.

机构信息

School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.

Institute of Community Health Care, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.

出版信息

J Med Internet Res. 2024 Aug 16;26:e53509. doi: 10.2196/53509.

DOI:10.2196/53509

PMID:39150761

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11364949/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease with a significant medical burden. eHealth care integrates medicine and technology to enhance the outcomes of such patients; however, adequate eHealth literacy (eHL) is necessary for that to happen. Fostering eHL is crucial for patients with diabetes to engage with eHealth care and receive quality care and timely support. Experiential learning theory can enhance patients' eHL and skills to use eHealth care technology in their daily care.

OBJECTIVE

This study explored the effectiveness of an eHealth care experiential learning program in improving eHL, patient health engagement, and eHealth care use status among patients with type 2 diabetes in 3 months.

METHODS

In this randomized controlled trial, patients under case management services from various clinics in Taiwan were randomly assigned to either the intervention group receiving the 6-session eHealth care experiential learning program or the control group receiving the usual care. Data were collected using structured questionnaires at 3 time points: pretest, postintervention, and 3 months after the intervention. Descriptive data were presented using frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and SD. The outcomes were analyzed using a generalized estimating equation method by intention-to-treat analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 92 participants (46 in each group) were recruited in this study. Of these, 86 completed the course and follow-up evaluations with a mean age of 62.38 (SD 12.91) years. After completing the intervention, the intervention group had significantly higher posttest scores in eHL (β=19.94, SE 3.52; P<.001), patient health engagement (β=.28, SE 0.13; P=.04), and eHealth use (β=3.96, SE 0.42; P<.001) than the control group. Furthermore, the intervention group maintained these significant improvements in eHL (β=18.19, SE 3.82; P<.001) and eHealth use (β=3.87, SE 0.49; P<.001) after 3 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Participating in the eHealth care experiential learning program resulted in significant improvements in eHL, patient health engagement, and eHealth use among patients with type 2 diabetes. Our interventional program can inform future clinical practice and policies to strengthen self-management skills and facilitate the use of health technology in caring for patients with chronic diseases.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05180604; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05180604.

摘要

背景

2 型糖尿病是一种慢性病，医疗负担巨大。电子医疗保健将医学和技术相结合，以提高此类患者的治疗效果；然而，这需要具备足够的电子健康素养（eHL）。培养 eHL 对于糖尿病患者使用电子医疗保健至关重要，这样他们才能获得优质的护理和及时的支持。体验式学习理论可以提高患者的 eHL 和使用电子医疗保健技术进行日常护理的技能。

目的

本研究旨在探讨 2 型糖尿病患者接受 6 次电子医疗保健体验式学习课程对其 eHL、患者健康参与度和电子医疗保健使用情况的影响，观察这种影响能否在 3 个月内持续。

方法

本随机对照试验中，来自台湾各地诊所的接受病例管理服务的患者被随机分配至干预组（接受 6 次电子医疗保健体验式学习课程）或对照组（接受常规护理）。使用结构问卷在 3 个时间点收集数据：预测试、干预后和干预后 3 个月。使用频数分布、百分比、均值和标准差来呈现描述性数据。采用意向治疗分析的广义估计方程方法对结果进行分析。

结果

本研究共纳入 92 名患者（每组 46 名）。其中，86 名患者完成了课程和随访评估，平均年龄为 62.38（SD 12.91）岁。干预后，干预组的 eHL（β=19.94，SE 3.52；P<.001）、患者健康参与度（β=.28，SE 0.13；P=.04）和电子医疗保健使用（β=3.96，SE 0.42；P<.001）得分显著高于对照组。此外，干预组在 eHL（β=18.19，SE 3.82；P<.001）和电子医疗保健使用（β=3.87，SE 0.49；P<.001）方面的这些显著改善在 3 个月后仍得以维持。