Research, Evaluation and Innovation Department, HERD International, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 16;19(8):e0308107. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308107. eCollection 2024.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health issue in Nepal. IPV has social and economic impacts on women, family, and the wider society. In this study, we aimed to determine factors associated with IPV among currently partnered women aged 15-49.
We conducted a secondary data analysis of the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2022. The study examines the lifetime prevalence of IPV. IPV was measured in three domains: experience of physical violence, emotional violence, and sexual violence. Weighted univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were applied to determine factors associated with IPV. The results of logistic regression were presented as crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI).
Of 3853 women, 27.2% had experienced any form of IPV. The lifetime prevalence of physical violence, emotional violence, and sexual violence were 23.2%, 12.8%, and 7.1%, respectively. Higher odds of physical violence were reported among women aged 35-49 years (AOR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.58-2.87), women without formal education (AOR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.10-2.06), and women who justified wife-beating (AOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.00-1.52). Women from poor households (AOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.12-2.35) and women with uneducated partners (AOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.08-2.58) were at higher risk of experiencing sexual violence. Women with unemployed husbands reported a higher risk of physical violence (AOR: 2.72, 95% CI: 1.45-5.06) and emotional violence (AOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.12-2.35).
Almost one in three currently partnered women experienced some form of IPV in their lifetime. Various sociodemographic, partner-related, and women's empowerment-related factors were associated with experiencing IPV. Acknowledging and addressing these factors is essential to mitigating the high rates of IPV among reproductive aged women.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是尼泊尔的一个主要公共卫生问题。IPV 对妇女、家庭和更广泛的社会都有社会和经济影响。在这项研究中，我们旨在确定与 15-49 岁目前有伴侣的妇女中 IPV 相关的因素。
我们对 2022 年尼泊尔人口与健康调查（NDHS）进行了二次数据分析。该研究检查了 IPV 的终生患病率。IPV 在三个领域进行了测量：身体暴力、情感暴力和性暴力的经历。应用加权单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来确定与 IPV 相关的因素。逻辑回归的结果以未调整比值比（COR）和调整比值比（AOR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）表示。
在 3853 名妇女中，27.2%经历过任何形式的 IPV。身体暴力、情感暴力和性暴力的终生患病率分别为 23.2%、12.8%和 7.1%。年龄在 35-49 岁的妇女（AOR：2.13，95%CI：1.58-2.87）、没有正规教育的妇女（AOR：1.51，95%CI：1.10-2.06）和为打老婆行为辩护的妇女（AOR：1.23，95%CI：1.00-1.52）报告了更高的身体暴力风险。来自贫困家庭的妇女（AOR：1.61，95%CI：1.12-2.35）和伴侣没有受过教育的妇女（AOR：1.66，95%CI：1.08-2.58）更有可能经历性暴力。丈夫失业的妇女报告了更高的身体暴力（AOR：2.72，95%CI：1.45-5.06）和情感暴力（AOR：1.61，95%CI：1.12-2.35）风险。
目前有伴侣的妇女中，近三分之一在其一生中经历过某种形式的 IPV。各种社会人口、伴侣相关和妇女赋权相关因素与经历 IPV 相关。承认和解决这些因素对于降低育龄妇女中 IPV 的高发生率至关重要。
