National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Retina. 2024 Oct 1;44(10):1649-1654. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000004245.
To summarize the causes of retinal arterial microaneurysm combined with branch retinal artery occlusion.
The case reports of retinal arterial microaneurysm combined with branch retinal artery occlusion were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases before May 1, 2024. A total of nine participants from nine case reports were included to analyze factors leading to complications.
The reasons for this complication are as follows: complications during photocoagulation therapy. Intraretinal hemorrhage and exudation result in compression of adjacent or distal arteries, resulting in branch retinal artery occlusion. Embolus dislodgement or intraarterial embolus formation can block the artery, damage the wall, and provide conditions for the development of retinal arterial microaneurysm. In addition, it is necessary to be alert to the optic disk macroaneurysm, if hemorrhage or embolus formation in the macroaneurysm will affect the blood supply of the downstream artery, affecting a large range of the retina.
Based on the review of case reports, we found that retinal arterial microaneurysm and branch retinal artery occlusion can cause each other. Acute vision loss can result when a complication occurs. In addition, retinal vascular diseases can reflect the whole body, suggesting that ophthalmologists need to pay attention not only to the patient's fundus but also to the patient's systemic diseases.
总结视网膜动脉微动脉瘤合并分支视网膜动脉阻塞的病因。
检索 PubMed、Web of Science 和中国知网数据库中 2024 年 5 月 1 日前发表的关于视网膜动脉微动脉瘤合并分支视网膜动脉阻塞的病例报告，共纳入 9 例病例报告中的 9 例患者，分析导致并发症的因素。
导致该并发症的原因如下：光凝治疗期间的并发症。视网膜内出血和渗出导致邻近或远端动脉受压，引起分支视网膜动脉阻塞。栓子脱落或动脉内栓子形成可阻塞动脉，损伤血管壁，为视网膜动脉微动脉瘤的发展提供条件。此外，需要警惕视盘大动脉瘤，如果大动脉瘤内发生出血或栓子形成，将会影响下游动脉的血液供应，累及大范围的视网膜。
基于病例报告的回顾，我们发现视网膜动脉微动脉瘤和分支视网膜动脉阻塞可以相互影响。当发生并发症时，可能会导致急性视力丧失。此外，视网膜血管疾病可以反映全身情况，这提示眼科医生不仅要关注患者的眼底，还要关注患者的全身疾病。
