State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China.
Reproductive Fertility Assistance Center, First Afffliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China.
Life Sci. 2024 Oct 15;355:122986. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122986. Epub 2024 Aug 14.
Brucellosis is a chronic infectious disease that is zoonotic in nature. Brucella can infect humans through interactions with livestock, primarily via the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and oral cavity. This bacterium has the potential to be utilized as a biological weapon and is classified as a Category B pathogen by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Currently, there is no approved vaccine for humans against Brucella, highlighting an urgent need for the development of a vaccine to mitigate the risks posed by this pathogen. Brucella primarily infects its host by adhering to and penetrating mucosal surfaces. Mucosal immunity plays a vital role in preventing local infections, clearing microorganisms from mucosal surfaces, and inhibiting the spread of pathogens. As mucosal vaccine strategies continue to evolve, the development of a safe and effective mucosal vaccine against Brucella appears promising.This paper reviews the immune mechanism of mucosal vaccines, the infection mechanism of Brucella, successful Brucella mucosal vaccines in animals, and mucosal adjuvants. Additionally, it elucidates targeting and optimization strategies for mucosal vaccines to facilitate the development of human vaccines against Brucella.
布鲁氏菌病是一种慢性传染病，具有天然的人畜共患性。布鲁氏菌可通过与牲畜的相互作用感染人类，主要通过消化道、呼吸道和口腔。这种细菌有可能被用作生物武器，被疾病预防控制中心列为 B 类病原体。目前，尚无针对人类布鲁氏菌的批准疫苗，这凸显了迫切需要开发一种疫苗来减轻这种病原体带来的风险。布鲁氏菌主要通过黏附和穿透黏膜表面来感染宿主。黏膜免疫在防止局部感染、清除黏膜表面的微生物和抑制病原体传播方面起着至关重要的作用。随着黏膜疫苗策略的不断发展，开发一种安全有效的布鲁氏菌黏膜疫苗似乎很有前景。本文综述了黏膜疫苗的免疫机制、布鲁氏菌的感染机制、动物中成功的布鲁氏菌黏膜疫苗以及黏膜佐剂。此外，还阐明了黏膜疫苗的靶向和优化策略，以促进针对人类布鲁氏菌的疫苗的开发。
