Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Yale Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2024 Oct;88:102900. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102900. Epub 2024 Aug 16.
Nicotine use is driven by pleasurable effects, but following chronic exposure, nicotine use becomes largely driven by the desire need to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Current cessation strategies focusing on alleviating withdrawal, but current cessation interventions are less effective for women than men. Also, hormone fluctuations across the menstrual cycle appear to impact use patterns, withdrawal severity, and treatment efficacy. This raises important questions regarding optimal quit dates and the application of hormone interventions to alleviate withdrawal in women. This review surveys the existing literature assessing the impact of ovarian hormones on nicotine withdrawal severity. This is an important issue because women seeking cessation treatments may be using hormone-based contraceptives or hormone replacement post-menopause. Hormone interventions may also offer a novel treatment avenue that is more effective than current cessation approaches. Future work in this area is important for reducing health disparities produced by excessive nicotine use in women.
吸烟是由愉悦感驱动的，但长期接触后，吸烟主要是由避免戒断症状的需求驱动的。目前的戒烟策略侧重于缓解戒断症状，但目前的戒烟干预措施对女性的效果不如男性。此外，月经周期中激素的波动似乎会影响使用模式、戒断严重程度和治疗效果。这就提出了关于最佳戒烟日期和应用激素干预减轻女性戒断症状的重要问题。这篇综述调查了评估卵巢激素对尼古丁戒断严重程度影响的现有文献。这是一个重要的问题，因为寻求戒烟治疗的女性可能正在使用基于激素的避孕药具或绝经后激素替代疗法。激素干预也可能提供一种比目前的戒烟方法更有效的新治疗途径。该领域的未来工作对于减少女性过度吸烟造成的健康差距非常重要。
