Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
Radio Oncology Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Oral Oncol. 2024 Nov;158:106982. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.106982. Epub 2024 Aug 16.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common head and neck cancer with a poor prognosis. One of the crucial challenges regarding NPC is its pathogenesis. Recent findings highlight the significance of host microbiota in the development of NPC, affected locally by nasopharyngeal microbiota or remotely by oral microbiota. The oral microbiota can migrate to the nasopharyngeal space, thereby impacting the composition of the nasopharyngeal microbiota. Specific bacterial strains have been linked to the development of nasopharyngeal cancer, including Neisseria, Staphylococcus, Leptotrichia, Staphylococcaceae, Granulicatella, Corynebacterium, Fusobacterium, and Prevotella. Several mechanisms have been proposed to elucidate how microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of NPC, including triggering tumor-promoting inflammation, reactivating the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), inducing oxidative stress, weakening the immune system, and worsening tumor hypoxia. In addition, the composition of nasopharyngeal microbiota and the number of tumor-infiltrating microbiota can influence the prognosis and treatment response in patients with NPC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review discussing the impacts of the host microbiota on nasopharyngeal cancer pathogenesis, progression, and treatment response.
鼻咽癌（NPC）是一种预后不良的常见头颈部癌症。NPC 发病机制是一个关键的挑战。最近的研究结果强调了宿主微生物群在 NPC 发展中的重要性，局部受鼻咽微生物群影响，或受口腔微生物群远程影响。口腔微生物群可以迁移到鼻咽空间，从而影响鼻咽微生物群的组成。一些特定的细菌菌株与鼻咽癌的发展有关，包括奈瑟氏菌、葡萄球菌、勒特氏菌、葡萄球菌科、颗粒单胞菌、棒状杆菌、梭杆菌和普雷沃氏菌。已经提出了几种机制来阐明微生物失调如何导致 NPC 的发展，包括引发肿瘤促进炎症、重新激活 Epstein-Barr 病毒（EBV）、诱导氧化应激、削弱免疫系统和加重肿瘤缺氧。此外，鼻咽微生物群的组成和肿瘤浸润微生物群的数量可以影响 NPC 患者的预后和治疗反应。据我们所知，这是第一篇讨论宿主微生物群对鼻咽癌发病机制、进展和治疗反应影响的综述。
