Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Oral Health Care Center for Geriatrics and Special Needs, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Aug 17;24(1):960. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04719-3.
Pattern of dental anomalies encountered in cleft patients shows subtle signs of genetic involvement. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth in Thai cleft population according to the cleft type.
Data collected from patients with cleft lip and palate, who had been treated at Tawanchai Cleft Center, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, available during year 2012-2022, were investigated. Records from 194 patients with non-syndromic clefts met the inclusion criteria. Standard dental records, and at least either orthopantomogram (OPG) or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), were examined. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square and binominal test (p ≤ 0.05).
Prevalence of tooth agenesis was higher (77.3%) than that of supernumerary teeth (5.7%) and was more common in bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) (88.1%) than in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) (72.6%) (p = 0.017). The upper lateral incisor was more frequently affected (46.4%), followed by the upper second premolar. The number of missing teeth observed on the left side was significantly higher. Patients with left UCLP (ULCLP) had the highest prevalence of tooth agenesis. A total of 41 tooth agenesis code (TAC) patterns was found. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was comparable with 6.6% of ULCLP, 5.1% of BCLP, and 4.5% of URCLP. Tooth-number anomalies were observed more often in the BCLP and were most likely to occur on the left side of the maxilla. Both types of anomalies could be featured in a small proportion of cleft patients.
More than half of the patients with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in this study, presented with tooth-number anomalies. Tooth agenesis was approximately 10-time more prevalent than supernumerary teeth. Tooth agenesis was likely to appear on the left-side of the maxilla regardless of the laterality of the cleft.
在唇腭裂患者中遇到的牙齿异常模式显示出遗传参与的微妙迹象。本研究旨在根据唇腭裂类型评估泰国唇腭裂人群中牙齿缺失和多生牙的发生率和模式。
对 2012 年至 2022 年期间在泰国孔敬大学塔旺猜唇腭裂中心接受治疗的唇腭裂患者的数据进行了调查。符合纳入标准的 194 例非综合征性唇腭裂患者的记录被纳入研究。对标准牙科记录进行了检查，并且至少对全景片（OPG）或锥形束 CT（CBCT）进行了检查。使用卡方检验和二项式检验（p≤0.05）进行统计分析。
牙齿缺失的发生率（77.3%）高于多生牙（5.7%），双侧唇腭裂（BCLP）（88.1%）高于单侧唇腭裂（UCLP）（72.6%）（p=0.017）。上颌侧切牙（46.4%）更常受到影响，其次是上颌第二前磨牙。左侧缺失的牙齿数量明显更高。左侧 UCLP（ULCLP）患者牙齿缺失的发生率最高。共发现 41 种牙齿缺失模式（TAC）。多生牙的发生率在 ULCLP 中为 6.6%，BCLP 中为 5.1%，URCLP 中为 4.5%。牙齿数量异常在 BCLP 中更为常见，最有可能发生在上颌骨的左侧。两种类型的异常都可能在一小部分唇腭裂患者中出现。
本研究中，超过一半的非综合征性唇腭裂患者存在牙齿数量异常。牙齿缺失的发生率约为多生牙的 10 倍。牙齿缺失更可能出现在上颌骨的左侧，而与唇腭裂的侧别无关。
