School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, 5300 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, Ulm D-89081, Germany.
J Affect Disord. 2024 Nov 15;365:146-154. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.051. Epub 2024 Aug 17.
Both low vagally-mediated heart rate variability (HRV) and depression have been shown to be risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We recently identified an HRV cutpoint below which persons have an increased risk for several cardiometabolic disorders. However, no cutpoint exists to identify those at risk for depression.
The association between daytime HRV and diagnostically validated depression cutoffs using the five-item World Health Organization Well-being Index (WHO-5) was examined in adults from the Mannheim Industrial Cohort Study (n = 9973; M = 41.9[10.9]; 20 % women [n = 1934]). The aim was to identify HRV cutpoints for individuals who may have clinical depression.
Regression adjusting for age, sex, and linear trend showed a significant quadratic association between depression, indexed by WHO-5 scores and HRV, indexed by the root mean square successive differences (RMSSD) in milliseconds (ms) (p < 0.001). Logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, and heart period (i.e., inter-beat intervals) compared the clinically depressed (WHO-5 ≤ 28) and those with a screening diagnosis of depression (WHO-5 ≤ 50) to the rest of the population. Significant odds ratios suggested two RMSSD values 25 ± 2 ms (OR = 1.39 [1.17, 1.64]) and 35 ± 2 ms (OR = 1.17 [1.02, 1.34]) that may be used to identify those with an elevated risk for depression.
The sample was primarily German men. Fitness and anti-depressant use were not available.
As HRV is a brief measure that can be used in clinical settings, our HRV cutpoints have implications for the early detection of those at risk for psychological and cardiometabolic disorders.
低迷走神经介导的心率变异性（HRV）和抑郁均已被证实是心血管疾病（CVD）的危险因素。我们最近确定了一个 HRV 切点，低于该切点，人们患几种心血管代谢疾病的风险就会增加。但是，还没有切点可以确定那些有抑郁风险的人。
我们使用五分量表世界卫生组织幸福感指数（WHO-5）对曼海姆工业队列研究中的成年人（n=9973；M=41.9[10.9]；20%为女性[n=1934]）的日间 HRV 与经过诊断验证的抑郁切点之间的相关性进行了研究。目的是确定 HRV 切点，以便识别可能患有临床抑郁症的个体。
回归分析调整了年龄、性别和线性趋势，表明抑郁与 HRV 之间存在显著的二次关联，抑郁指数为 WHO-5 评分，HRV 指数为均方根差（ms）（p<0.001）。调整年龄、性别和心动周期（即心动间期）的逻辑回归模型将临床抑郁（WHO-5≤28）和有抑郁筛查诊断（WHO-5≤50）的人与其余人群进行了比较。显著的优势比表明两个 RMSSD 值 25±2ms（OR=1.39[1.17,1.64]）和 35±2ms（OR=1.17[1.02,1.34]）可能用于识别那些抑郁风险升高的人。
样本主要是德国男性。没有可用的健身和抗抑郁药物使用数据。
由于 HRV 是一种可以在临床环境中使用的简短测量方法，我们的 HRV 切点对早期发现有心理和心血管代谢疾病风险的人具有重要意义。
