School of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 401135, China.
Interdiscip Sci. 2024 Dec;16(4):769-780. doi: 10.1007/s12539-024-00636-9. Epub 2024 Aug 19.
Sleep staging is the most crucial work before diagnosing and treating sleep disorders. Traditional manual sleep staging is time-consuming and depends on the skill of experts. Nowadays, automatic sleep staging based on deep learning attracts more and more scientific researchers. As we know, the salient waves in sleep signals contain the most important information for automatic sleep staging. However, the key information is not fully utilized in existing deep learning methods since most of them only use CNN or RNN which could not capture multi-scale features in salient waves effectively. To tackle this limitation, we propose a lightweight end-to-end network for sleep stage prediction based on feature pyramid and joint attention. The feature pyramid module is designed to effectively extract multi-scale features in salient waves, and these features are then fed to the joint attention module to closely attend to the channel and location information of the salient waves. The proposed network has much fewer parameters and significant performance improvement, which is better than the state-of-the-art results. The overall accuracy and macro F1 score on the public dataset Sleep-EDF39, Sleep-EDF153 and SHHS are 90.1%, 87.8%, 87.4%, 84.4% and 86.9%, 83.9%, respectively. Ablation experiments confirm the effectiveness of each module.
睡眠分期是诊断和治疗睡眠障碍的最关键工作。传统的手动睡眠分期既耗时又依赖专家的技能。如今,基于深度学习的自动睡眠分期吸引了越来越多的科研人员。众所周知,睡眠信号中的显著波包含了自动睡眠分期最重要的信息。然而,由于大多数现有的深度学习方法仅使用 CNN 或 RNN,无法有效地捕捉显著波中的多尺度特征,因此关键信息并未得到充分利用。为了解决这个局限性,我们提出了一种基于特征金字塔和联合注意的轻量级端到端睡眠阶段预测网络。特征金字塔模块旨在有效地提取显著波中的多尺度特征,然后将这些特征输入到联合注意模块中,以密切关注显著波的通道和位置信息。与最先进的结果相比,所提出的网络具有更少的参数和显著的性能提升。在公共数据集 Sleep-EDF39、Sleep-EDF153 和 SHHS 上,整体准确率和宏 F1 得分分别为 90.1%、87.8%、87.4%、84.4%和 86.9%、83.9%。消融实验证实了每个模块的有效性。