Plaza Zamora Francisco Javier, Mendoza Barbero Ana, Molinero Ana, Sánchez Marcos Navidad, Lambert M, Taxis Katja, García-Sangenis Ana, Llor Carles
Farmacéutico Comunitario en Mazarrón (Murcia). Doctor en Farmacia. Miembro del Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología de SEFAC Sociedad Española de Farmacia Clínica, Familiar y Comunitaria España.
Farmacéutica comunitaria en Reus (Tarragona). Miembro del Grupo de trabajo de Respiratorio y tabaquismo de SEFAC Sociedad Española de Farmacia Clínica, Familiar y Comunitaria España.
Farm Comunitarios. 2023 Sep 14;15(4):26-36. doi: 10.33620/FC.2173-9218.(2023).28. eCollection 2023 Oct 16.
Dispensing and prescribing antibiotics is inappropriate in many of the countries in the European Union, including Spain, and a threat to the population's health. To tackle the growth of antimicrobial resistance, the Happy Patient project was set up under the sponsorship of the European Commission.
O ascertain the characteristics of dispensing antibiotic therapy in Spanish community pharmacies.To compare the variability between different Spanish community pharmacies.
The Audit Project Odense® methodology was used to find out how antibiotics were dispensed in community pharmacies. Pharmacists taking part were asked to record for five consecutive days between the months of February and April 2022 the actions performed during the dispensing of oral antibiotics for human use and for the treatment of acute infections.
A total population of 573 patients (59.9% female) of all age groups were interviewed. The patients were 83.6% aware of the purpose for which the antibiotic was prescribed and the most requested antibiotic was amoxicillin followed by amoxicillin with clavulanic acid.In 15% of dispensations, a triple safety check was completed: interactions, contraindications and allergies. The pharmacist rarely contacted the prescriber but when she did, the prescriber altered the prescription.In 62.3% of cases, information about the duration of treatment was provided and amoxicillin with and without clavulanic acid was the antibiotic dispensed for which most warnings about side effects were issued. In 24.6% of dispensations there was no advice given at all. In 81.7% the pharmacist agreed with the prescribed treatment.
This audit can be a starting point to improve clinical practice and reduce antibiotic resistance. It highlights the need for safety checks in regard to the use of antimicrobials and suggests verifying dispensing to correct errors that may jeopardize the safety and effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy.
在欧盟的许多国家，包括西班牙，抗生素的配药和处方开具存在不当情况，对民众健康构成威胁。为应对抗菌药物耐药性的增长，在欧盟委员会的支持下设立了“快乐患者”项目。
确定西班牙社区药房抗生素治疗配药的特点。比较不同西班牙社区药房之间的差异。
采用奥登塞审计项目方法来了解社区药房抗生素的配药情况。参与的药剂师被要求在2022年2月至4月期间连续记录五天为人用口服抗生素治疗急性感染时所采取的行动。
共采访了573名各年龄段患者（女性占59.9%）。83.6%的患者知晓所开抗生素的用途，最常被要求的抗生素是阿莫西林，其次是阿莫西林克拉维酸。在15%的配药过程中完成了三重安全检查：相互作用、禁忌症和过敏情况。药剂师很少联系开处方的医生，但联系时，医生会更改处方。在62.3%的病例中提供了治疗持续时间的信息，阿莫西林（无论有无克拉维酸）是配发抗生素中发出副作用警告最多的。在24.6%的配药过程中完全没有提供任何建议。81.7%的药剂师同意所开的治疗方案。
此次审计可作为改善临床实践和降低抗生素耐药性的起点。它强调了对抗菌药物使用进行安全检查的必要性，并建议核实配药情况以纠正可能危及抗菌治疗安全性和有效性的错误。
