老年人必需氨基酸摄入量与功能健康结局之间的关联：2001 - 2018年美国国家健康和营养检查调查分析

Associations between Essential Amino Acid Intake and Functional Health Outcomes in Older Adults: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2018.

作者信息

Cheung Susan N, Lieberman Harris R, Pasiakos Stefan M, Fulgoni Victor L, Berryman Claire E

机构信息

Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.

Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, MD, United States.

出版信息

Curr Dev Nutr. 2024 Jun 29;8(8):104411. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104411. eCollection 2024 Aug.

DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104411

PMID:39157010

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11325666/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The relationships between habitual essential amino acid (EAA) intake and body composition, muscle strength, and physical function in older US adults are not well defined.

OBJECTIVES

This cross-sectional study evaluated associations between usual EAA intakes and body composition, muscle strength, and physical function in US adults ≥65 y.

METHODS

The Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) 2001-2018 was linked to the US Department of Agriculture Standard Reference database to access existing amino acid composition data for FNDDS ingredients. FNDDS ingredients without existing amino acid composition data were matched to similar ingredient codes with available data. Usual EAA, leucine, lysine, and sulfur-containing amino acid (SAA; methionine + cysteine) intakes (g/d) from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2018 were calculated for individuals ≥65 y ( = 10,843). Dependent variables included muscle strength measured by isometric grip test, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-measured appendicular lean mass and whole-body fat mass, and self-reported physical function (that is, tasks of daily living). Regression analyses were used to determine covariate-adjusted relationships between EAA, leucine, lysine, and SAA intake and functional health outcomes. < 0.0013 was considered significant.

RESULTS

EAA, leucine, lysine, and SAA intakes, covaried with physical activity level and usual protein intake, were not associated with muscle strength or self-reported physical function in males or females or with body composition in males. EAA intakes were positively associated with waist circumference in females (β ± SEM, 2.1 ± 0.6 cm, = 0.0007). Lysine intakes were positively associated with BMI (3.0 ± 0.7 kg/m, < 0.0001) and waist circumference (7.0 ± 1.7 cm, = 0.0001) in females.

CONCLUSIONS

Habitual EAA, leucine, lysine, and SAA intakes, covaried with physical activity level and usual protein intake, were not associated with lean mass, muscle strength, or physical function in adults ≥65 y. However, EAA intakes, particularly lysine, were positively associated with measures of adiposity in older females.This trial was registered with the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/25V63) as osf.io/25v63).

摘要

背景

美国老年成年人习惯性必需氨基酸（EAA）摄入量与身体成分、肌肉力量和身体功能之间的关系尚未明确。

目的

这项横断面研究评估了65岁及以上美国成年人通常EAA摄入量与身体成分、肌肉力量和身体功能之间的关联。

方法

将2001 - 2018年膳食研究的食物和营养数据库（FNDDS）与美国农业部标准参考数据库相链接，以获取FNDDS成分的现有氨基酸组成数据。没有现有氨基酸组成数据的FNDDS成分与具有可用数据的类似成分代码进行匹配。计算了2001 - 2018年美国国家健康和营养检查调查中65岁及以上个体（n = 10,843）的通常EAA、亮氨酸、赖氨酸和含硫氨基酸（SAA；蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸）摄入量（克/天）。因变量包括通过等长握力测试测量的肌肉力量、体重指数（BMI）、腰围、双能X射线吸收法测量的四肢瘦体重和全身脂肪量，以及自我报告的身体功能（即日常生活任务）。回归分析用于确定EAA、亮氨酸、赖氨酸和SAA摄入量与功能健康结果之间的协变量调整关系。P < 0.0013被认为具有显著性。

结果

EAA、亮氨酸、赖氨酸和SAA摄入量与身体活动水平和通常蛋白质摄入量相关，在男性或女性中与肌肉力量或自我报告的身体功能无关，在男性中与身体成分无关。EAA摄入量与女性腰围呈正相关（β±标准误，2.1±0.6厘米，P = 0.0007）。赖氨酸摄入量与女性BMI（3.0±0.7千克/米²，P < 0.0001）和腰围（7.0±1.7厘米，P = 0.0001）呈正相关。

结论

与身体活动水平和通常蛋白质摄入量相关的习惯性EAA、亮氨酸、赖氨酸和SAA摄入量与65岁及以上成年人的瘦体重、肌肉力量或身体功能无关。然而，EAA摄入量，尤其是赖氨酸，与老年女性的肥胖指标呈正相关。该试验已在开放科学框架（https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/25V63）注册为osf.io/25v63）。