Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2024 Nov 1;30(6):376-380. doi: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_91_24. Epub 2024 Aug 19.
Erosive esophagitis (EE) is frequently present in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), some of which may not have GERD symptoms. The prevalence of EE in the Saudi population is unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of EE among patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).
We retrospectively reviewed consecutive adults who underwent EGD at an academic tertiary care center. Clinical and endoscopic data were collected. The prevalence and severity of EE were determined. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for EE.
Records for 3230 patients were reviewed, of which 2805 were included in this study. The mean age was 48.6 ±18.6 years, and 1088 (38.7%) were male. Two hundred and twenty six (8%) patients underwent EGD for GERD-related indications. EE was noted in 309 (11%) patients and 58 (25.6%) with GERD-related indications. For patients with EE, the mean age was 49.2 ± 18.7 years, and 132 (42.7%) were males. LA Grade A esophagitis was the most common (53.9%), followed by grade B (29.6%). Among all patients, only EGD for GERD-related indications and hiatal hernia were significantly associated with EE on multivariate analysis [(aOR = 3.1, 95% CI 2.2-4.4, P < 0.01) and (aOR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.9, P < 0.01), respectively]. Age, gender, and body mass index were not associated with EE.
In this large cohort, EE was present in 11% of patients who underwent EGD and in 25% of patients with GERD. EGD for GERD-related indications and hiatal hernia are independent risk factors for the presence of EE.
腐蚀性食管炎（EE）在胃食管反流病（GERD）患者中很常见，其中一些患者可能没有 GERD 症状。沙特人群中 EE 的患病率尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定在接受食管胃十二指肠镜检查（EGD）的患者中 EE 的患病率和危险因素。
我们回顾性分析了在学术性三级护理中心接受 EGD 的连续成年患者的临床和内镜数据。确定 EE 的患病率和严重程度。使用多变量回归分析确定 EE 的危险因素。
共回顾了 3230 份患者记录，其中 2805 份纳入本研究。平均年龄为 48.6±18.6 岁，1088 例（38.7%）为男性。226 例（8%）患者因 GERD 相关指征接受 EGD。309 例（11%）患者和 58 例（25.6%）因 GERD 相关指征发现 EE。对于 EE 患者，平均年龄为 49.2±18.7 岁，132 例（42.7%）为男性。LA 级 A 食管炎最常见（53.9%），其次是级 B（29.6%）。在所有患者中，仅因 GERD 相关指征和食管裂孔疝行 EGD 与 EE 在多变量分析中显著相关[（调整优势比[aOR]=3.1，95%置信区间[CI]2.2-4.4，P<0.01）和（aOR=1.4，95%CI 1.1-1.9，P<0.01）]。年龄、性别和体重指数与 EE 无关。
在这项大型队列研究中，11%接受 EGD 的患者和 25%的 GERD 患者存在 EE。因 GERD 相关指征和食管裂孔疝行 EGD 是 EE 存在的独立危险因素。
