Hamdan Salam, Taybeh Esra', Alsous Mervat M
Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2024 Aug 20;99(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s42506-024-00166-8.
Diabetes Self-Care Management (DSCM) is crucial for managing diabetes mellitus and improving patients' well-being. Research on the young age group in Jordan is limited, and there is a lack of studies using an evaluation tool for understanding diabetes pharmacotherapy. This study intends to fill the information gap by examining young Jordanian patients' knowledge and comprehension of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its treatment modalities, evaluating their psychological well-being, and examining the relationship between children's psychological health and self-care.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Jordanian Ministry of Health hospitals in Amman from June 2021 to January 2022. A convenience sampling method was used to select Arabic-speaking diabetic patients aged 11-a8 years who provided signed consent. A sample size of 400 was estimated. A self-administered questionnaire was developed based on a literature review to assess sociodemographic characteristics and diabetes and insulin knowledge, and validated scales were used to assess self-management (SMOD-A) and psychological well-being (ChilD-S).
Analysis of the questionnaire responses revealed varying levels of knowledge among the participants. Approximately half of the children (49.0%) demonstrated a lack of knowledge of diabetes pharmacotherapy. Psychological well-being indicators indicated moderate levels of happiness and feeling fine. The analysis of self-management indicators highlighted areas for improvement. Positive weak but significant correlations were found between children's knowledge about diabetes (r = 0.255, p < 0.01), diabetes pharmacotherapy knowledge (r = 0.125, p < 0.05), psychological well-being (r = 0.112, p < 0.05), and their diabetic self-management scores. A multivariate regression analysis identified predictors of self-management, including the child's school year (p = 0.035), ability to express feelings (p = 0.039), recent HbA1c levels (p = 0.028), and diabetes knowledge score (p < 0.001).
Participants exhibited varying levels of knowledge about diabetes pharmacotherapy and self-management. Knowledge about diabetes was identified as a predictor for effective self-management. Moreover, glycemic control and diabetes mellitus awareness majorly impact overall self-management behaviors. Tailored education programs are necessary to fill knowledge gaps and enhance diabetes management among children.
糖尿病自我护理管理（DSCM）对于控制糖尿病和改善患者健康状况至关重要。约旦针对年轻人群体的研究有限，且缺乏使用评估工具来了解糖尿病药物治疗的研究。本研究旨在通过调查约旦年轻患者对1型糖尿病（T1DM）及其治疗方式的知识和理解、评估他们的心理健康状况以及研究儿童心理健康与自我护理之间的关系来填补信息空白。
本横断面研究于2021年6月至2022年1月在安曼的约旦卫生部医院进行。采用便利抽样方法选取年龄在11至18岁、签署了知情同意书的讲阿拉伯语的糖尿病患者。估计样本量为400。基于文献综述编制了一份自填式问卷，以评估社会人口学特征以及糖尿病和胰岛素知识，并使用经过验证的量表来评估自我管理（SMOD-A）和心理健康状况（ChilD-S）。
对问卷回复的分析显示参与者的知识水平各不相同。约一半的儿童（49.0%）对糖尿病药物治疗缺乏了解。心理健康指标表明幸福和感觉良好的程度处于中等水平。对自我管理指标的分析突出了需要改进的方面。发现儿童对糖尿病的知识（r = 0.255，p < 0.01）、糖尿病药物治疗知识（r = 0.125，p < 0.05）、心理健康状况（r = 0.112，p < 0.05）与他们的糖尿病自我管理得分之间存在微弱但显著的正相关。多变量回归分析确定了自我管理的预测因素，包括孩子所在学年（p = 0.035）、表达情感的能力（p = 0.039）、近期糖化血红蛋白水平（p = 0.028）以及糖尿病知识得分（p < 0.001）。
参与者对糖尿病药物治疗和自我管理的知识水平各不相同。糖尿病知识被确定为有效自我管理的预测因素。此外，血糖控制和糖尿病意识对整体自我管理行为有重大影响。需要制定量身定制的教育计划来填补知识空白并加强儿童糖尿病管理。
